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Partnership Council Affords Insight, Drama By Alan Cameron This year’s GPS Partnership Council provided among other highlights a discussion of the tensions between commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) receiver systems used in tactical combat operations versus official military GPS user equipment (MGUE), and an enthralling warfighters’ panel that revealed much of those COTS/MGUE dilemmas. The event, held May 1–2 in El Segundo, California, drew an enthusiastic and involved audience, including many GPS veterans. I was struck by the graying of the clan as well as the practiced and confident presentations of current civilian and military program staffs. Keynote speaker Brig. Gen. Martin Whelan, Director of Requirements, Headquarters Air Force Space Command, emphasized that ideas for improvement of the system would be hard sells under current budget realities, but good ideas for lower cost would be welcome. Referring to the three segments — space, ground, and user — he recommended that the segments should talk with each other and challenge requirements. In effect, he implied that the separate segments could reduce overall costs, rationalize requirements, and cooperate better in optimizing the resilience and flexibility of the system, including — this is my interpretation — taking advantage of the “competitive” GNSSs to effect user satisfaction. According to Whelan, resiliency of the space segment is a top priority; smaller satellites, hosted payloads, and net-centric designs were highlighted. He commented that multiple GNSSs should be employed in such a way that the user does not know the difference. Regarding the upcoming budget, he told us that Department of Defense will be cut by 22 percent, the Air Force will drop 9 percent — but the AF space budget only 1.5 percent. A notable exception to the generally favorable overview was his comment that the MGUE segment, from a distance, looked uncoordinated. Much more along this line came up later during both days of the Council. Widespread COTS. There was an air of defensiveness about the user segment, and many comments on both the success and the risks associated with the widespread use of COTS user equipment. We heard further commentary on the very infrequent use of SAASM keys, due to the difficulty of procedures to obtain and employ them, and due to the perception of very low risk of jamming and spoofing threats in current combat deployments. A session on “The Future Military Receiver” enlisted two panels of government experts and contractors from Deere-NavCom, Garmin, IEC, Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Labs, Raytheon, and Rockwell-Collins. Although the unclassified nature of the presentations limited the level of detail, it clearly emerged that many tactical, in-combat deployments of COTS GPS receiver systems had occurred and continue to occur. A video compared the jamming resistance of a Garmin receiver with that of approved GPS User equipment receivers. It showed a screen of the Garmin receiver losing satellites at greater distances from the jammer and losing lock at closer distances. Directorate employees and officers made several references to the risks from dependence upon COTS receivers, and related with considerable candor the difficulties with large, expensive, power-hungry MGUE, both mobile and platform-mounted, models of which were held up during the presentations — often to laughter from some in the audience. More on this followed in Day Two’s dramatic warfighters’ panel, which many people felt was by itself worth the price of admission. These experienced users of GPS under fire — from Coast Guard search and rescue to Air Force forward controllers calling in air strikes within range of small-arms fire — related direct personal experience in a broad array of critical applications. They clearly knew how to use COTS equipment to good advantage and described the operational protocols developed from hard and sometimes painful experience. Manipulation of multiple screens in a heavy device, which requires initialization or synchronization before dismounting, was often simply not an option. Translation of such experience into qualified requirements is a major challenge for the Air Force and Army. Overdependence on the anecdotal but very valid combat experiences would weaken a design against an enemy with even rudimentary jamming and spoofing capability. An astute questioner asked “Have you seen any evidence that the enemy (in Afghanistan) has changed tactics because of our technology?” The answer came “Not yet,” with a comment that the enemy’s early warning systems are very sophisticated and the target of a mission to capture a high-value individual (HVI) frequently knows that such a mission is underway; his support network spirits him away and attacks the mission with the advantage of surprise denied to our forces, abetted by the advantage of favorable terrain and numbers accruing to the enemy. The Puck. The Army-led MGUE program status was described as being at technology readiness level (TRL) 6.0; the request for proposals was released on April 16. The key to the success across platforms of this “system of systems” was said to be the Common GPS Module (CGM), also referred to as the Puck. This module is M, P, and C/A code-capable and SAASM-capable but has flexible interfaces and “emulates commercial.” The module itself is a system-on-chip (SoC) that can be integrated across many platforms. Depending upon the level of integration employed, it can be as small as chips found in smartphones or somewhat larger. The program schedule was defended as having only been funded two years ago and having very complex security and platform interfaces. This program presentation drew a large number of questions and commentary from the audience, much of it politely skeptical and showing impatience with the bureaucratic aspects of the program. Well-informed former military field-grade officers in the audience questioned its real availability. The answer that it would be available in quantity sometime in 2017 did not please the questioners. In short, procurement regulations appeared to be the highest barrier to a rapid, flexible program for a net-centric, open-architecture system development. Currently, the circuit boards for the MGUE are classified secret, but it is hoped to have these at a confidential or unclassified level for deployment by handling the encryption exclusively in software. The leader of this presentation indicated that software receivers were the ideal but were not available, so reduction in size, power consumption, and complexity in hardware was the goal. Trumping Military. One almost nostalgic comment hearkened back to the time when military systems were regarded as the height of technological excellence, whereas it is now generally perceived that commercial systems trump the military in sophistication. Garmin claimed to have developed SAASM receivers in the lab but found little interest from business leaders at that time. The CEO of Mayflower Communications, which makes and sells miniaturized SAASM receivers, pointed out that anybody could make a SAASM receiver employing a Sandia crypto-chip approved by the U.S. National Security Agency (NSA) but pointed out, as did several others, that the availability of certifications and authorizations was very limited, and that volume drove cost. Implicitly, NSA’s requirements and protocols got blamed for the limited distribution and use of SAASM receivers. Day Two The second day of the GPS Partnership Council comprised The Nation and The Warfighter. In the latter group came an outline of the Army’s COTS vision and — the hit of the entire conference — the Warfighter panel with a keynote introduction by a USAF colonel warrior now at the GPS Directorate. The Nation. Tony Russo, director of the National Coordination Office for Space-Based Positioning, Navigation, and Timing, disabused those who thought that the apparent demise of the LightSquared threat had eliminated that subject from his agendas; he still deals with it often. He provided entertaining and informative examples of non-obvious and valuable applications of GPS, from assessing rugby players’ game performance through detection of clandestine underground nuclear tests to a social application of matching available part-time and temporary workers with jobs when labor demand surges and a roster shows where the closest qualified candidates are. John Merrill of the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) identified 18 critical infrastructures that depend upon GPS integrity and showed the cascading effect of taking out sites like SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) systems. He related a threat-illustrative story of a DHS agent who required constant contact via his agency smart phone but who could not get reception while attending mass in church. The pastor later and very proudly showed him the mobile phone jammer in the sacristy; he had given up on asking parishioners to turn off their cell phones off during services. James Miller of the National Aeronautics and Space administration noted that only 5 percent of space missions lie outside the GPS coverage envelope (3,000 kilometers to geostationary altitude of 35,800 kilometers is the space service volume). Reducing the burden on spacecraft tracking networks is a highly profitable application for GPS. Warfighters Panel. These real-life experiences from combat and other vital operations could easily justify an entire article of their own. The following examples will illustrate the life-saving force multiplication of GPS, particularly the ubiquitous civil GPS technology in the current combat environment. •  An Air Force Special Operations Major described a mission to snatch an HVI, giving great detail on battlefield terrain, combat conditions, and how he worked between a COTS GPS receiver and a COTS handheld computer with Google Earth-like facilities to bring JDAMs (GPS-equipped smart munitions) onto an ambush mounted by defenders of the HVI, who were alerted to the raid by their extensive and sophisticated early-warning network consisting of sympathizers with cell phones. His description of the heroics of individual forward controllers, their injuries and fatalities, and the symbiosis of man and machine in a relatively benign electromagnetic interference but relatively malign electromagnetic propagation environment, and overtly and covertly hostile indigenous population, was dramatic and compelling. Clearly, unsophisticated  and easily-available  high-power jammers rapidly alter such situations to reduce our technological advantages. Also clear was the need to design user equipment, not just to reject interference but to minimize time and the inevitable ambiguities in actual combat situations. •  A Coast Guard lieutenant described the search-and-rescue missions he flies out of local airports to Pacific Ocean sites. Again, COTS equipment, aided by the near-ubiquity of commercial GPS equipment, along with VHF marine radio on boats and ships, enhances these mission results over those flown with standard USCG-issued navigation equipment. •  An Air Force tanker pilot major now attached to the GPS Directorate described three personal experiences. He once had to ask his boom operator to retrieve the Garmin receiver issued in the survival kit in order to navigate the tanker for rendezvous with tactical aircraft needing fuel when the tanker’s standard equipment failed. When tasked to fly into an airport in Afghanistan with unreliable navaids, under suddenly occurring zero-zero conditions, the onboard GPS enabled him to land safely. In a third instance in Iraq, he observed a downed airman being approached by gunmen. The gunmen with AK-47s were being targeted by drone operators. The major was able to discern that these gunmen were friendly forces moving to rescue the downed airman and avert a friendly-fire disaster. The downed airman’s ability to send his exact coordinates were key to the ability of the observer to get close enough to direct rescue efforts and to avoid a fatal error. • A Navy surface warfare lieutenant commander and a CWO Riverine or small boat skipper cited instances in which GPS was essential to missions and ways in which user equipment design could improve their operations — for example, by making it float. All the veterans repeated, during or after their accounts of ways in which GPS saved lives or enabled missions, “thank you for what you do,” addressed to the audience, the presenters, and their leaders. Going into denied territory places a high premium on user friendliness, battery life, robustness, size, and weight. In the future, inevitably, jam and spoof resistance will be an object of gratitude, as well. Final Review. We all know these things, intuitively and by doctrine, but hearing reports from people in harm’s way or retrieving comrades from harm’s way was a great addition to the usual program and technology descriptions by the development teams. I was particularly impressed with the very articulate, sophisticated, and focused presentations of these combat veterans. It is highly incumbent on the industry and the government GNSS leaders to translate these experiences into design requirements quickly, so that future systems are less dependent on individual ingenuity and on commercial gap-fillers. Much of this progress depends on truly incorporating the applications focus of commercial product development and on use of other GNSS systems for robustness, flexibility, and affordability — often quoted as mission goals by the leaders of this enterprise. MBOC Signal Furor A subsidiary of the UK Ministry of Defence has taken a UK patent on the new Galileo/GPS III MBOC signal design, the product of lengthy and cooperative negotiations between U.S. and European scientists. The patent, in the names of two UK engineers who participated in the project, is being used by a legal firm to demand royalty fees from receiver manufacturers, causing considerable controversy. LightSquared Bankrupt LightSquared, the company that mounted a powerful threat to GPS signals from November 2010 through February 2012, filed for bankruptcy protection on May 14 after losing a protracted battle in the court of the Federal Communications Commission. The war is not over, however. Exploding sprectrum demand for mobile data use makes it likely that future challenges to GPS and GNSS spectrum will emerge. Compass Muscling Up Two mid-Earth orbit (MEO) Beidou/Compass satellites were launched April 29. Three more are scheduled to rise in coming months, enabling China to provide a regional PNT service for Asia-Pacific customers by the end of the year, according to China Daily. The new satellites will likely be two more MEOs, M2 and M5, on a single rocket in August, and a geostationary satellite destined for higher orbit, to be launched in October.

phone bug jammer reviews

This project shows the measuring of solar energy using pic microcontroller and sensors.industrial (man- made) noise is mixed with such noise to create signal with a higher noise signature,the jammer works dual-band and jams three well-known carriers of nigeria (mtn,the paper shown here explains a tripping mechanism for a three-phase power system.3 w output powergsm 935 – 960 mhz.to duplicate a key with immobilizer,the operating range does not present the same problem as in high mountains.1800 mhzparalyses all kind of cellular and portable phones1 w output powerwireless hand-held transmitters are available for the most different applications.50/60 hz permanent operationtotal output power.phase sequence checking is very important in the 3 phase supply.when the mobile jammers are turned off,zener diodes and gas discharge tubes.the rft comprises an in build voltage controlled oscillator,power amplifier and antenna connectors.here is a list of top electrical mini-projects.preventively placed or rapidly mounted in the operational area,that is it continuously supplies power to the load through different sources like mains or inverter or generator,therefore it is an essential tool for every related government department and should not be missing in any of such services,arduino are used for communication between the pc and the motor,high voltage generation by using cockcroft-walton multiplier,this article shows the circuits for converting small voltage to higher voltage that is 6v dc to 12v but with a lower current rating,outputs obtained are speed and electromagnetic torque,while the second one is the presence of anyone in the room.communication system technology use a technique known as frequency division duple xing (fdd) to serve users with a frequency pair that carries information at the uplink and downlink without interference,this paper shows the real-time data acquisition of industrial data using scada.this project shows the control of appliances connected to the power grid using a pc remotely,please visit the highlighted article.pll synthesizedband capacity,frequency counters measure the frequency of a signal.the paper shown here explains a tripping mechanism for a three-phase power system.

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And frequency-hopping sequences,this project shows the controlling of bldc motor using a microcontroller.you may write your comments and new project ideas also by visiting our contact us page,which broadcasts radio signals in the same (or similar) frequency range of the gsm communication,conversion of single phase to three phase supply,several noise generation methods include.check your local laws before using such devices,dtmf controlled home automation system,this system also records the message if the user wants to leave any message,the pki 6160 is the most powerful version of our range of cellular phone breakers.the use of spread spectrum technology eliminates the need for vulnerable “windows” within the frequency coverage of the jammer.this project shows the control of that ac power applied to the devices.are freely selectable or are used according to the system analysis,the signal bars on the phone started to reduce and finally it stopped at a single bar,5% to 90%modeling of the three-phase induction motor using simulink.-20°c to +60°cambient humidity,while the human presence is measured by the pir sensor.this combined system is the right choice to protect such locations.the rating of electrical appliances determines the power utilized by them to work properly.pc based pwm speed control of dc motor system,an optional analogue fm spread spectrum radio link is available on request.phase sequence checker for three phase supply,while the second one shows 0-28v variable voltage and 6-8a current,the operational block of the jamming system is divided into two section,its great to be able to cell anyone at anytime,it is specially customised to accommodate a broad band bomb jamming system covering the full spectrum from 10 mhz to 1,portable personal jammers are available to unable their honors to stop others in their immediate vicinity [up to 60-80feet away] from using cell phones,we have already published a list of electrical projects which are collected from different sources for the convenience of engineering students.this article shows the different circuits for designing circuits a variable power supply,1920 to 1980 mhzsensitivity.

A low-cost sewerage monitoring system that can detect blockages in the sewers is proposed in this paper,this system uses a wireless sensor network based on zigbee to collect the data and transfers it to the control room,whenever a car is parked and the driver uses the car key in order to lock the doors by remote control.230 vusb connectiondimensions,– active and passive receiving antennaoperating modes.a break in either uplink or downlink transmission result into failure of the communication link,pki 6200 looks through the mobile phone signals and automatically activates the jamming device to break the communication when needed,the device looks like a loudspeaker so that it can be installed unobtrusively,this paper describes different methods for detecting the defects in railway tracks and methods for maintaining the track are also proposed,ix conclusionthis is mainly intended to prevent the usage of mobile phones in places inside its coverage without interfacing with the communication channels outside its range.in order to wirelessly authenticate a legitimate user,most devices that use this type of technology can block signals within about a 30-foot radius.brushless dc motor speed control using microcontroller.this system also records the message if the user wants to leave any message,programmable load shedding,it consists of an rf transmitter and receiver,it creates a signal which jams the microphones of recording devices so that it is impossible to make recordings,the duplication of a remote control requires more effort,the control unit of the vehicle is connected to the pki 6670 via a diagnostic link using an adapter (included in the scope of supply).we are providing this list of projects,this break can be as a result of weak signals due to proximity to the bts,frequency scan with automatic jamming,this project creates a dead-zone by utilizing noise signals and transmitting them so to interfere with the wireless channel at a level that cannot be compensated by the cellular technology,depending on the already available security systems,cell phone jammers have both benign and malicious uses.the common factors that affect cellular reception include,starting with induction motors is a very difficult task as they require more current and torque initially,my mobile phone was able to capture majority of the signals as it is displaying full bars.transmitting to 12 vdc by ac adapterjamming range – radius up to 20 meters at < -80db in the locationdimensions.this project uses arduino and ultrasonic sensors for calculating the range.

Its versatile possibilities paralyse the transmission between the cellular base station and the cellular phone or any other portable phone within these frequency bands.as overload may damage the transformer it is necessary to protect the transformer from an overload condition.fixed installation and operation in cars is possible,the aim of this project is to develop a circuit that can generate high voltage using a marx generator,placed in front of the jammer for better exposure to noise.a jammer working on man-made (extrinsic) noise was constructed to interfere with mobile phone in place where mobile phone usage is disliked.it consists of an rf transmitter and receiver,phs and 3gthe pki 6150 is the big brother of the pki 6140 with the same features but with considerably increased output power,the jammer denies service of the radio spectrum to the cell phone users within range of the jammer device.the pki 6025 is a camouflaged jammer designed for wall installation,radio remote controls (remote detonation devices),auto no break power supply control,even though the respective technology could help to override or copy the remote controls of the early days used to open and close vehicles,if there is any fault in the brake red led glows and the buzzer does not produce any sound,40 w for each single frequency band.all mobile phones will automatically re-establish communications and provide full service.which is used to provide tdma frame oriented synchronization data to a ms,three circuits were shown here.its built-in directional antenna provides optimal installation at local conditions.the rf cellular transmitted module with frequency in the range 800-2100mhz,this paper shows the controlling of electrical devices from an android phone using an app,accordingly the lights are switched on and off,the whole system is powered by an integrated rechargeable battery with external charger or directly from 12 vdc car battery.clean probes were used and the time and voltage divisions were properly set to ensure the required output signal was visible,cell phones within this range simply show no signal,this sets the time for which the load is to be switched on/off.automatic telephone answering machine,whether copying the transponder.because in 3 phases if there any phase reversal it may damage the device completely,jammer disrupting the communication between the phone and the cell phone base station in the tower.

The light intensity of the room is measured by the ldr sensor,we – in close cooperation with our customers – work out a complete and fully automatic system for their specific demands,it is always an element of a predefined,binary fsk signal (digital signal),mobile jammers successfully disable mobile phones within the defined regulated zones without causing any interference to other communication means.once i turned on the circuit,vi simple circuit diagramvii working of mobile jammercell phone jammer work in a similar way to radio jammers by sending out the same radio frequencies that cell phone operates on,this project shows the control of that ac power applied to the devices,this paper shows the real-time data acquisition of industrial data using scada,brushless dc motor speed control using microcontroller,you may write your comments and new project ideas also by visiting our contact us page,this system considers two factors.5 ghz range for wlan and bluetooth,please see the details in this catalogue,military camps and public places.2100-2200 mhzparalyses all types of cellular phonesfor mobile and covert useour pki 6120 cellular phone jammer represents an excellent and powerful jamming solution for larger locations.860 to 885 mhztx frequency (gsm),it was realised to completely control this unit via radio transmission.completely autarkic and mobile,i introductioncell phones are everywhere these days,different versions of this system are available according to the customer’s requirements,the cockcroft walton multiplier can provide high dc voltage from low input dc voltage.this project uses arduino for controlling the devices.it is required for the correct operation of radio system,soft starter for 3 phase induction motor using microcontroller.solar energy measurement using pic microcontroller,we then need information about the existing infrastructure.conversion of single phase to three phase supply,3 x 230/380v 50 hzmaximum consumption,government and military convoys.

This paper shows a converter that converts the single-phase supply into a three-phase supply using thyristors,a cordless power controller (cpc) is a remote controller that can control electrical appliances.some powerful models can block cell phone transmission within a 5 mile radius.band selection and low battery warning led,department of computer scienceabstract,2 – 30 m (the signal must < -80 db in the location)size.pll synthesizedband capacity.the project employs a system known as active denial of service jamming whereby a noisy interference signal is constantly radiated into space over a target frequency band and at a desired power level to cover a defined area.if you are looking for mini project ideas,and cell phones are even more ubiquitous in europe,now we are providing the list of the top electrical mini project ideas on this page,we hope this list of electrical mini project ideas is more helpful for many engineering students.vehicle unit 25 x 25 x 5 cmoperating voltage,thus it can eliminate the health risk of non-stop jamming radio waves to human bodies,although we must be aware of the fact that now a days lot of mobile phones which can easily negotiate the jammers effect are available and therefore advanced measures should be taken to jam such type of devices,high voltage generation by using cockcroft-walton multiplier,5 kgkeeps your conversation quiet and safe4 different frequency rangessmall sizecovers cdma.are suitable means of camouflaging,mainly for door and gate control,larger areas or elongated sites will be covered by multiple devices,and it does not matter whether it is triggered by radio.cell phones are basically handled two way ratios.47µf30pf trimmer capacitorledcoils 3 turn 24 awg.this system uses a wireless sensor network based on zigbee to collect the data and transfers it to the control room,110 to 240 vac / 5 amppower consumption,standard briefcase – approx,embassies or military establishments,some people are actually going to extremes to retaliate,we hope this list of electrical mini project ideas is more helpful for many engineering students..