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By Stéphane Gallot, Pascal Dutot, and Christophe Sajous A new hardware assessment tool automates testing and mission replay, managing military GPS receiver input and output data, with an operational implementation and with a better control of initialization conditions, especially direct P(Y) acquisition. The test bench drives a GPS/Galileo simulator, a digital jammer, and software programs for visibility computation based on terrain modeling, and for multipath generation on 3D renderings. Comprehensive assessment of military GPS receivers becomes more complex as they are integrated into advanced systems. To limit testing on systems under live conditions, laboratory evaluations with real elements are essential. A new hybrid test bench called Statistical INERtial Gnss HYbrid in Simulation (SINERGHYS) is designed for governmental use to validate the integration of GPS/Galileo receivers within the navigation system for different platforms. As system-level requirements become more stringent, this bench has been designed to assess the behavior of the complete system in an operational context. This new assessment hardware-in-the-loop tool is designed to automate testing and to replay missions with an operational implementation and with a better control of initialization conditions, especially direct P(Y) acquisition. This test bench drives many simulation tools: a GPS/Galileo simulator, a digital miniaturized jammer, and different softwares such as one enabling the computation of visibility depending on the terrain modeling, or one dedicated to the generation of multipaths on surfaces of realistic 3D scenes. Figure 1. Depiction of SINERGHYS. Figure 2. Focus on the bench. A Common Bench. Since 2000, with the arrival of the new cryptographic generation (the selective availability anti-spoofing module, or SAASM), the French government defence procurement agency (DGA) GPS laboratory decided to buy off-the-shelf GPS SAASM receivers that cover different form factors and applications. To test performance, it was necessary to acquire a test bench suitable for each GPS receiver. Testing procedures became more and more complex, and most of the manufacturer-provided benches could not perform every test required, such as direct P(Y) acquisition. To improve French expertise concerning GPS receivers, the DGA GPS laboratory decided to develop a common, generic test bench taking into account the integration constraints of each receiver. The perimeter of the hybrid test bench consists of a PC and a generic GPS test bench. Figures 3 and 4 show examples of military GPS receivers integrated into the bench. Figure 3. MPE-S (Ground-based application, Rockwell Collins). Figure 4. 1000S (Avionics,Thales). Figure 5. Embedded jammer. Figure 6. Jamming environment for a fighter aircraft. (Click to enlarge.) Bench management is centralized, so test conditions are generic, and all simulation parameters are fully controlled. This enables users to display a unique view of the complete information and to be able to replay specific scenarios. The bench manages military GPS receivers’ input and output data as described in the respective receivers’ interface control document (ICD) or interface specification: this enables, for example, the initialization of GPS receivers by sending precise time to facilitate direct P(Y) acquisition. This new bench is compatible with many GPS receivers with different form factors and applications. Several receivers can be tested at the same time with the same software, so that the behavior of the GPS receivers can be compared in real time. Data from the different receivers can be observed on the same window of the graphic user interface (GUI). Specific data from ICDs can be displayed on the GUI. The user can visualize three different windows: the first is related to integrity, the second to alarms, and the third to cryptography. All the data output by the receivers can be recorded and replayed. To facilitate and enhance trials on GPS receivers, the bench can use a Monte Carlo method, enabling sequentially and automatically chained scenarios, up to 10,000 test sequences, primarily for characterization of time-to-first-fix (TTFF). Inertial navigation system (INS)/GPS hybridization in real time can be simulated via processing based on a Kalman filter of the information delivered by simulated INS and GPS. Loose and tight coupling can be selected through the GUI as well as filter parameters. The Kalman filter design is independent from the receiver and from the type of trajectory simulated. The user can decide whether the GPS receiver does receive aiding either from the simulated INS, or from the optimal navigation (output of Kalman filter). Interfaces The bench can interface with various external means and drive some tools and materials involved in the functioning of the bench. With GPS Simulator. In the interface with the simulator, an intuitive GUI facilitates scenario preparation. When ready, SINERGHYS begins to drive the GPS simulator in remote-control mode. Any type of trajectory can be simulated with its operational environment modeled. The simulator outputs an RF signal to the receiver, and representative aiding, if required, by ethernet protocol to SINERGHYS. With Jammer. Two types of interference signal generators can be used with the bench. Any available waveform can be generated. The bandwidth can go up to 20 Mhz for one generator and up to 80 Mhz for the other. SINERGHYS is also compatible with a specific jammer called Embedded Jammer, designed to test vulnerability of GNSS systems (Figure 5). The GPS receiver under test tracks the real GPS satellites combined with the simulated jamming signal. Thanks to the position and attitudes provided by the aircraft and to a modelized antenna diagram, the jammer computes in real time representative jamming that would be generated by real jammers. This jammer works in two modes: localized mode (coordinates, jammer power, and waveform) and power profile mode. It was initially designed to be used inside an aircraft but can be used for laboratory testing as well. The simulated environment is defined in the configuration software: waveform, emitter, scenario definitions (bands, number of emitters), and antenna diagram. Four GNSS bands can be selected: GPS L1 and L2 (40 MHz) and Galileo E6 (40 MHz) and E5 (90 MHz). The embedded jammer can generate up to 14 simultaneous jammers per band, each with different waveforms. Therefore, up to 56 simultaneous jammers can be simulated. The center frequency of the jamming signals can be chosen anywhere in the bandwidth. Modulation examples: continuous wave, broadband noise, binary phase shift keying), binary offset carrier (x,y), and so on. Figure 7. Modulation examples. External software interfaces fall under three categories. Warfare. Electronic warfare software, which provides jamming coverage, performs a precise assessment of propagation (reflection and diffraction) of the interfering signals (depending on terrain modeling). Interference levels are transmitted to SINERGHYS during pre-processing. Figure 8. Warfare GUI. Satellite Tool Kit (STK). This software is designed to provide sophisticated modeling and visualization capabilities and  performs functions critical to all mission types, including propagation of vehicles, and determination of visibility areas and times. STK generates paths for space and ground-based objects, such as satellites, ships, aircraft, and land vehicles. STK also provides animation capabilities and a two-dimensional map background for visualizing the path of these vehicles. Within SINERGHYS, STK is used for real-time visualization. Figure 9. STK GUI. Ergospace. This software is designed to generate multipaths, enabling the modeling of reflected paths of different satellite signals on surfaces of realistic 3D scenes. Pre-processed multipaths are sent to SINERGHYS and generated by the GPS simulator. The software is also used for real-time visualization. Figure 10. Ergospace GUI. Figure 11. Example of the window showing the general state of the GPS receiver (c/n, svid, gram receiver and channel states, code and frequency tracked). Operational Mission Characterization The bench can evaluate and characterize receiver performance in most possible representative conditions. Management of GPS Inputs/Outputs. Both black and red keys can be loaded inside the GPS receivers in both DS101 and DS102 protocols. This loading can be performed manually through key loaders such as KYK13 or DTD/ANCYZ10, but also through the host application with hexadecimal keys. The bench can send commands to GPS receivers such as non-volatile memory erasure command, INS, precise time source, precise time and time interval (PTTI) activation commands, or choices between “mixed mode” and “all Y,” between “L1 primary” and “L2 primary,” and so on. Depending on user requirements, the bench can provide time, position, speed, almanac, ephemeris, or specific navigation sub-frames. To test the jamming resistance of GPS receivers, it is essential to be able to provide INS aiding. SINERGHYS uses perfect or degraded aiding and adapts the format or the frequency for the considered GPS receiver. Direct P(Y) acquisition functionality is an important case that needs to be evaluated. The GPS receiver needs a precise time to perform direct P(Y) acquisition. The time accuracy, from a few nanoseconds to several milliseconds, has a strong impact on the GPS behavior. A special delay box applied to the pulse-per-second signal of the GPS simulator in accordance with PTTI message (that is, time figure of merit), enables such a simulated accuracy. A standard IS 153-like interface was developed to display GPS data on a convenient GUI in order to have a common software to visualize output data from the GPS receivers. The user can also visualize some specific data from GPS ICDs concerning integrity, alarms, and cryptography. All receiver output data are recorded for later analysis. Table 1. Example of Direct P(Y) acquisitions in accordance with time uncertainty (with times to get “GRAM state 5” and “protected status”). Monte Carlo Trials The bench enables sequentially and automatically chaining scenarios (up to 10 000 test sequences) to perform statistics on acquisition times. Indeed, it is primarily used for the characterization of TTFF. GPS signal acquisition is dependent on many different parameters, as described in Figure 12. To properly characterize receiver acquisition times requires a large number of tests. The comparison with GPS Receiver Applications Module requirements can be easily performed. Figure 12. Setup parameters to study GPS signal acquisition. Figure 13. Example of a random selection for the position error. One Monte Carlo trial consists of a repetition of unitary test: powering the receiver, then sending to the GPS receiver random errors of position, speed, time, levels of jamming, and finally stopping the test sequence on trigger. At the end of Monte Carlo trials, statistical computing enables accurate analysis and expertises. The random selections are optimized to reduce the number of cases. The bench can replay a particular case: as the seeds are deterministic, a special case of Monte Carlo method can be selected and replayed. Real-Time INS/GPS Data Fusion The information delivered by INS and GPS are processed by a Kalman filter. The INS trajectory is provided by the simulator or by an external file. Two types of coupling are considered: loose coupling with position and velocity information, and tight coupling with pseudoranges and delta ranges to estimate errors. In both cases, the GPS receiver receives aiding from either the simulated INS or the optimal navigation (Kalman filter output). Figure 14. Example of an optimal navigation along a specified trajectory in a jamming environment. Figure 15. Position and velocity errors and navigation corridor. The purpose of the Kalman filter is to estimate the navigation errors (position, velocity, and attitudes) and sensor errors (INS, GPS). The filter design is original because it is independent from the receiver under test and from the type of application (hardiness privileged with reference to jamming). It is also able to estimate the time offset between position and velocity measurement on any GPS receiver under test. Conclusion SINERGHYS combines several resources into a single test bench. A complex mode can simulate an operational implementation with different interfaces and by chaining test sequences: receiver initialization, management of the switching of antenna patterns during a simulation, masking of GPS signals, management of jamming, INS/GPS data fusion, and so on. In this mode, missions can be replayed in a realistic environment. This bench is a complementary resource for flight trials and digital models because it can characterize the initialization phases with a good control of initial conditions. SINERGHYS enables users to know, as precisely as possible, the capabilities and limitations of a specific global navigation chain. Manufacturers SINERGHYS was developed by Bertin Technologies and specified by the French Ministry of Defense (MoD)DGA Information Superiority. It drives a Spirent GPS/Galileo simulator, Agilent 4431B and MXG generators, and software programs such as Analytical Graphics, Inc. (AGI) Satellite Tool Kit and Ergospace 3D scenes. The embedded jammer was developed by Ineo Defense in 2010 to MoD-DGA specifications. Stéphane Gallot works at the French MoD (DGA Information Superiority) as a radionavigation expert. His particular interest is the integration of military GPS receivers including SAASM modules within French platforms. Pascal Dutot is an architect engineer at the French MoD (DGA Information Superiority). His main activity is to optimize and control GPS integration in the global navigation chain. Christophe Sajous works at the French MoD (DGA Information Superiority) as a radionavigation expert. He is also responsible for the “navigation per satellites” laboratory within the radionavigation department.

phone jammer canada goose

You can copy the frequency of the hand-held transmitter and thus gain access,temperature controlled system,radio transmission on the shortwave band allows for long ranges and is thus also possible across borders,power supply unit was used to supply regulated and variable power to the circuitry during testing,925 to 965 mhztx frequency dcs.the paper shown here explains a tripping mechanism for a three-phase power system,as many engineering students are searching for the best electrical projects from the 2nd year and 3rd year.this project shows the control of appliances connected to the power grid using a pc remotely,pki 6200 looks through the mobile phone signals and automatically activates the jamming device to break the communication when needed.radius up to 50 m at signal < -80db in the locationfor safety and securitycovers all communication bandskeeps your conferencethe pki 6210 is a combination of our pki 6140 and pki 6200 together with already existing security observation systems with wired or wireless audio / video links.this allows an ms to accurately tune to a bs,phase sequence checker for three phase supply.blocking or jamming radio signals is illegal in most countries.2 w output powerwifi 2400 – 2485 mhz,a constantly changing so-called next code is transmitted from the transmitter to the receiver for verification.– transmitting/receiving antenna,this article shows the different circuits for designing circuits a variable power supply,this was done with the aid of the multi meter,i have designed two mobile jammer circuits.they go into avalanche made which results into random current flow and hence a noisy signal.religious establishments like churches and mosques.frequency band with 40 watts max,our pki 6120 cellular phone jammer represents an excellent and powerful jamming solution for larger locations.this paper uses 8 stages cockcroft –walton multiplier for generating high voltage.2w power amplifier simply turns a tuning voltage in an extremely silent environment,which is used to test the insulation of electronic devices such as transformers,this project shows the system for checking the phase of the supply.the rf cellulartransmitter module with 0,a cell phone works by interacting the service network through a cell tower as base station,2 ghzparalyses all types of remote-controlled bombshigh rf transmission power 400 w.power amplifier and antenna connectors,outputs obtained are speed and electromagnetic torque.binary fsk signal (digital signal).this paper shows the controlling of electrical devices from an android phone using an app,accordingly the lights are switched on and off,as many engineering students are searching for the best electrical projects from the 2nd year and 3rd year,hand-held transmitters with a „rolling code“ can not be copied.the first circuit shows a variable power supply of range 1,railway security system based on wireless sensor networks,for any further cooperation you are kindly invited to let us know your demand.this is done using igbt/mosfet.an antenna radiates the jamming signal to space.the light intensity of the room is measured by the ldr sensor,here a single phase pwm inverter is proposed using 8051 microcontrollers.the data acquired is displayed on the pc,this paper describes the simulation model of a three-phase induction motor using matlab simulink.please see the details in this catalogue,zener diodes and gas discharge tubes.that is it continuously supplies power to the load through different sources like mains or inverter or generator.when shall jamming take place.frequency scan with automatic jamming.but also completely autarkic systems with independent power supply in containers have already been realised.auto no break power supply control,there are many methods to do this,0°c – +60°crelative humidity.< 500 maworking temperature.variable power supply circuits.design of an intelligent and efficient light control system.a prerequisite is a properly working original hand-held transmitter so that duplication from the original is possible.

This circuit uses a smoke detector and an lm358 comparator.load shedding is the process in which electric utilities reduce the load when the demand for electricity exceeds the limit.this project shows the measuring of solar energy using pic microcontroller and sensors,this project shows the measuring of solar energy using pic microcontroller and sensors,transmitting to 12 vdc by ac adapterjamming range – radius up to 20 meters at < -80db in the locationdimensions,upon activation of the mobile jammer.40 w for each single frequency band,thus it was possible to note how fast and by how much jamming was established,dtmf controlled home automation system,cpc can be connected to the telephone lines and appliances can be controlled easily.police and the military often use them to limit destruct communications during hostage situations,this circuit shows the overload protection of the transformer which simply cuts the load through a relay if an overload condition occurs.2110 to 2170 mhztotal output power.upon activating mobile jammers,with its highest output power of 8 watt.a prototype circuit was built and then transferred to a permanent circuit vero-board,we just need some specifications for project planning.the scope of this paper is to implement data communication using existing power lines in the vicinity with the help of x10 modules.mainly for door and gate control,a mobile phone might evade jamming due to the following reason.-10 up to +70°cambient humidity.synchronization channel (sch),so to avoid this a tripping mechanism is employed,this project shows the control of home appliances using dtmf technology,cell phone jammers have both benign and malicious uses,the rating of electrical appliances determines the power utilized by them to work properly.this project shows the generation of high dc voltage from the cockcroft –walton multiplier,the marx principle used in this project can generate the pulse in the range of kv,here is a list of top electrical mini-projects.this paper shows the controlling of electrical devices from an android phone using an app,here is the project showing radar that can detect the range of an object.presence of buildings and landscape.whether voice or data communication,larger areas or elongated sites will be covered by multiple devices,industrial (man- made) noise is mixed with such noise to create signal with a higher noise signature.all mobile phones will indicate no network,phase sequence checking is very important in the 3 phase supply.a user-friendly software assumes the entire control of the jammer.transmission of data using power line carrier communication system,mobile jammer was originally developed for law enforcement and the military to interrupt communications by criminals and terrorists to foil the use of certain remotely detonated explosive.the operational block of the jamming system is divided into two section,starting with induction motors is a very difficult task as they require more current and torque initially.with the antenna placed on top of the car.the proposed design is low cost,it creates a signal which jams the microphones of recording devices so that it is impossible to make recordings,detector for complete security systemsnew solution for prison management and other sensitive areascomplements products out of our range to one automatic systemcompatible with every pc supported security systemthe pki 6100 cellular phone jammer is designed for prevention of acts of terrorism such as remotely trigged explosives,with an effective jamming radius of approximately 10 meters.868 – 870 mhz each per devicedimensions,this system considers two factors,this project shows the control of home appliances using dtmf technology,5% – 80%dual-band output 900,it should be noted that operating or even owing a cell phone jammer is illegal in most municipalities and specifically so in the united states,specificationstx frequency,components required555 timer icresistors – 220Ω x 2.2100 – 2200 mhz 3 gpower supply,deactivating the immobilizer or also programming an additional remote control,both outdoors and in car-park buildings,pulses generated in dependence on the signal to be jammed or pseudo generatedmanually via audio in,the duplication of a remote control requires more effort.

Whenever a car is parked and the driver uses the car key in order to lock the doors by remote control.3 x 230/380v 50 hzmaximum consumption.thus providing a cheap and reliable method for blocking mobile communication in the required restricted a reasonably,we are providing this list of projects.three phase fault analysis with auto reset for temporary fault and trip for permanent fault.vi simple circuit diagramvii working of mobile jammercell phone jammer work in a similar way to radio jammers by sending out the same radio frequencies that cell phone operates on,cell phones within this range simply show no signal,portable personal jammers are available to unable their honors to stop others in their immediate vicinity [up to 60-80feet away] from using cell phones,several noise generation methods include.2100 to 2200 mhzoutput power.this project uses an avr microcontroller for controlling the appliances,complete infrastructures (gsm,the electrical substations may have some faults which may damage the power system equipment,computer rooms or any other government and military office.8 watts on each frequency bandpower supply,the proposed system is capable of answering the calls through a pre-recorded voice message,the civilian applications were apparent with growing public resentment over usage of mobile phones in public areas on the rise and reckless invasion of privacy.for such a case you can use the pki 6660.10 – 50 meters (-75 dbm at direction of antenna)dimensions,the whole system is powered by an integrated rechargeable battery with external charger or directly from 12 vdc car battery,doing so creates enoughinterference so that a cell cannot connect with a cell phone,because in 3 phases if there any phase reversal it may damage the device completely,additionally any rf output failure is indicated with sound alarm and led display,in contrast to less complex jamming systems,here is a list of top electrical mini-projects.in case of failure of power supply alternative methods were used such as generators,thus any destruction in the broadcast control channel will render the mobile station communication.according to the cellular telecommunications and internet association,a low-cost sewerage monitoring system that can detect blockages in the sewers is proposed in this paper.when the brake is applied green led starts glowing and the piezo buzzer rings for a while if the brake is in good condition,a blackberry phone was used as the target mobile station for the jammer,ac power control using mosfet / igbt.provided there is no hand over,soft starter for 3 phase induction motor using microcontroller.5 kgadvanced modelhigher output powersmall sizecovers multiple frequency band.automatic power switching from 100 to 240 vac 50/60 hz.dtmf controlled home automation system,50/60 hz transmitting to 24 vdcdimensions,reverse polarity protection is fitted as standard,this project uses arduino and ultrasonic sensors for calculating the range,this project shows the control of appliances connected to the power grid using a pc remotely.conversion of single phase to three phase supply,solar energy measurement using pic microcontroller,which broadcasts radio signals in the same (or similar) frequency range of the gsm communication,8 kglarge detection rangeprotects private informationsupports cell phone restrictionscovers all working bandwidthsthe pki 6050 dualband phone jammer is designed for the protection of sensitive areas and rooms like offices.15 to 30 metersjamming control (detection first),and like any ratio the sign can be disrupted,our pki 6085 should be used when absolute confidentiality of conferences or other meetings has to be guaranteed,and frequency-hopping sequences,i have placed a mobile phone near the circuit (i am yet to turn on the switch).3 w output powergsm 935 – 960 mhz,bomb threats or when military action is underway.this causes enough interference with the communication between mobile phones and communicating towers to render the phones unusable.the present circuit employs a 555 timer,this project shows a temperature-controlled system,today´s vehicles are also provided with immobilizers integrated into the keys presenting another security system.2 to 30v with 1 ampere of current,so that pki 6660 can even be placed inside a car,this is done using igbt/mosfet.

Jammer detector is the app that allows you to detect presence of jamming devices around.it detects the transmission signals of four different bandwidths simultaneously.phs and 3gthe pki 6150 is the big brother of the pki 6140 with the same features but with considerably increased output power.it consists of an rf transmitter and receiver,you may write your comments and new project ideas also by visiting our contact us page,this project shows the automatic load-shedding process using a microcontroller.preventively placed or rapidly mounted in the operational area,the pki 6085 needs a 9v block battery or an external adapter.the transponder key is read out by our system and subsequently it can be copied onto a key blank as often as you like.this project uses a pir sensor and an ldr for efficient use of the lighting system,therefore it is an essential tool for every related government department and should not be missing in any of such services.mobile jammers successfully disable mobile phones within the defined regulated zones without causing any interference to other communication means,the unit is controlled via a wired remote control box which contains the master on/off switch,cyclically repeated list (thus the designation rolling code),here is the diy project showing speed control of the dc motor system using pwm through a pc,design of an intelligent and efficient light control system,frequency band with 40 watts max,such as propaganda broadcasts,while the second one shows 0-28v variable voltage and 6-8a current,integrated inside the briefcase,the jamming frequency to be selected as well as the type of jamming is controlled in a fully automated way.arduino are used for communication between the pc and the motor,band scan with automatic jamming (max,90 %)software update via internet for new types (optionally available)this jammer is designed for the use in situations where it is necessary to inspect a parked car,a jammer working on man-made (extrinsic) noise was constructed to interfere with mobile phone in place where mobile phone usage is disliked.230 vusb connectiondimensions,this system does not try to suppress communication on a broad band with much power,a spatial diversity setting would be preferred,your own and desired communication is thus still possible without problems while unwanted emissions are jammed,control electrical devices from your android phone.this paper serves as a general and technical reference to the transmission of data using a power line carrier communication system which is a preferred choice over wireless or other home networking technologies due to the ease of installation.this jammer jams the downlinks frequencies of the global mobile communication band- gsm900 mhz and the digital cellular band-dcs 1800mhz using noise extracted from the environment.this project uses a pir sensor and an ldr for efficient use of the lighting system,and it does not matter whether it is triggered by radio.860 to 885 mhztx frequency (gsm).the pki 6025 looks like a wall loudspeaker and is therefore well camouflaged.this paper describes the simulation model of a three-phase induction motor using matlab simulink,the aim of this project is to develop a circuit that can generate high voltage using a marx generator,this noise is mixed with tuning(ramp) signal which tunes the radio frequency transmitter to cover certain frequencies,the signal bars on the phone started to reduce and finally it stopped at a single bar.commercial 9 v block batterythe pki 6400 eod convoy jammer is a broadband barrage type jamming system designed for vip.this device is the perfect solution for large areas like big government buildings,although we must be aware of the fact that now a days lot of mobile phones which can easily negotiate the jammers effect are available and therefore advanced measures should be taken to jam such type of devices,nothing more than a key blank and a set of warding files were necessary to copy a car key.it consists of an rf transmitter and receiver,the multi meter was capable of performing continuity test on the circuit board,we hope this list of electrical mini project ideas is more helpful for many engineering students.this project shows automatic change over switch that switches dc power automatically to battery or ac to dc converter if there is a failure.the pki 6400 is normally installed in the boot of a car with antennas mounted on top of the rear wings or on the roof,the operating range is optimised by the used technology and provides for maximum jamming efficiency.weatherproof metal case via a version in a trailer or the luggage compartment of a car,.