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Galileo IOV-3 Broadcasts E1, E5, E6 Signals; Russian SBAS Luch-5B in Orbital Slot; EGNOS and Galileo in Emergency Call, Road Tolling; Compass ICD Rumored Galileo IOV-3 Broadcasts E1, E5, E6 Signals  By Oliver Montenbruck, German Space Operations Center and Richard B. Langley, University of New Brunswick After reaching its final position, the Galileo IOV-3 satellite started transmitting its first ranging signals on December 1. Within three days, the various carriers (E1, E5, E6) and associated modulations were activated, and full in-orbit testing is now in progress. Anyone with commonly available GNSS receivers can presently access the open signals in the E1, E5a, and E5b frequency bands as well as the wide-band E5 AltBOC signal. According to statements made at the recent 6th ESA Workshop on Satellite Navigation Technologies (Navitec 2012) in Noordwijk, The Netherlands, the IOV-3 satellite, which is also identified as Flight Model 3 (FM3) and E19 after its pseudorandom noise code, will continue to use binary offset carrier modulation — specifically BOC(1,1) — on the E1 Open Service signals for the time being. In contrast to this, the first pair of IOV satellites has already started to use composite binary offset carrier modulation, which offers better multipath suppression in the received signal. Right after its activation, IOV-3 could be tracked immediately by the global network of stations participating in the Multi-GNSS Experiment (MGEX; http://www.igs.org/mgex) initiated by the International GNSS Service (IGS). Figure 1. Pseudorange errors of IOV-3 tracking at Tanegashima, Japan, using the E1 BOC(1,1) signal (top) and the E5 AltBOC signal (center). The elevation angle over time is shown in the bottom panel. The high quality of the IOV-3 signals is illustrated by measurements collected by the Tanegashima station during a 10-hour pass of the satellite over Japan (see Figure 1). The E5 AltBOC pseudorange measurements in particular exhibit an exceptionally low noise and multipath level of better than 10 centimeters at mid- and high-elevation angles. An attractive feature of the Galileo system is the availability of multiple signal frequencies, which opens up numerous prospects for precise positioning and scientific investigations. Carrier-Phase Measurements While the E6 signals foreseen for a future Commercial Service are not presently supported by geodetic receivers due to the lack of information on the transmitted codes and possible licensing issues, users can already benefit from the E5a and E5b signals in addition to E1. By way of example, the ionosphere-free and geometry-free linear combination can be formed from carrier-phase measurements on these frequencies. Results of some first tests using this combination for IOV-3 are shown in Figure 2, based on measurements made at four MGEX stations: CUT0 (Perth, Australia), GMSD (Tanegashima, Japan), KZN2 (Kazan, Russia), and SIN1 (Singapore). The results provide an indication of carrier-phase noise and multipath effects but are free of long-term variations that have earlier been found in GPS L1/L2/L5 signal combinations. It is anticipated that similar measurement quality will be obtained with the E1 and E5 signals of IOV-4, which were activated on December 12 and 13. This level of performance highlights the potential benefit of Galileo signals in advanced triple-frequency techniques such as undifferenced ambiguity resolution and ionospheric monitoring. Figure 2 The difference between the ionosphere-free carrier-phase combinations formed from E1/E5a and E1/E5b signals received at four MGEX stations: CUT0 (Perth, Australia), GMSD (Tanegashima, Japan), KZN2 (Kazan, Russia), and SIN1 (Singapore). Russian SBAS Luch-5B in Orbital Slot The second Russian satellite-based augmentation system (SBAS) satellite, Luch-5B, has now been positioned at its designated orbital slot of 16 degrees west longitude. The satellite had been in a drift orbit since its launch on November 2 at 21:04:00 UTC along with the domestic communications satellite Yamal-300K. NORAD/JSpOC tracking data showed Luch-5B arriving at its geostationary position by about December 13. Figure 3 shows the footprint of the satellite with the elevation-angle contours at 30-degree intervals. Luch-5B, the second of a set of three geostationary satellites being  launched to reactivate Roscosmos’s Luch Multifunctional Space Relay System, is expected to use PRN code 125. The Luch system will relay communications and telemetry between low-Earth-orbiting spacecraft, such as the the Russian segment of International Space Station, and Russian ground facilities. The system’s satellites also carry transponders for the System for Differential Correction and Monitoring (SDCM), Russia’s SBAS. The transponders will broadcast GNSS corrections on the standard GPS L1 frequency. Luch-5A, launched in December 2011, resides in an orbital slot at 95 degrees east longitude. It began transmitting corrections on July 12, 2012 using PRN code 140. Figure 3. Geostationary position of Luch-5B, carrying a transponder for the Russian System for Differential Correction and Monitoring. EGNOS and Galileo in Emergency Call, Road Tolling The Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) World Congress in Vienna this fall drew attention to the multi-constellation advantages provided by Galileo during a session on eCall, the European initiative for safer mobility. “Galileo will provide accuracy and reliability in all the transport markets, but in the case of emergency rapid assistance, the positioning need is even more critical,” said Fiammetta Diani, market development officer at the European GNSS Agency (GSA). A multiconstellation approach for eCall and similar initiatives will deliver better performance without additional costs. Yaroslav Domaratsky from NIS-GLONASS, the Russian national navigation services provider, confirmed that ERA-GLONASS, the Russian version of eCall, will benefit from multiconstellation. “Solutions including also Galileo are welcome in the Russian initiative.” Satellite ITS applications in road transport cover much more than in-car navigation. They include road-user charging with satellite-based toll collection systems; in-vehicle dynamic route guidance for drivers; intelligent speed adaptation to control the speed of vehicles externally; traveller information systems; and fleet-tracking systems for better management of freight movements and goods delivery. Road Tolling European road-toll operators outlined how they plan to emply the European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service (EGNOS) and Galileo to provide new tolling solutions. Luigi Giacalone, managing director of Autostrade Tech, which provides the technology for the French Ecomouv project, said EGNOS will contribute to reliably collect taxes on the heavy trucks using the road charging scheme. “This is a tax, not a toll. It aims to collect a new tax reliably and fairly according to distance travelled, while dissuading fraud,” he said. “Thanks to GNSS multi-constellation, only 10 locations out of the 15,000-kilometer network need support beacons.” Ecomouv, which Includes anti-jamming and anti-spoofing mechanisms, covers 600,000 French lorries and 200,000 foreign ones, and will run from July 2013 for 11.5 years. Giacalone said its performance target was 99.75 percent accuracy of the entire collection chain, and its trials had already 99.8 percent accuracy. Miroslav Bobošík from SkyToll, which operates Slovakia’s electronic tolling operations, explained how the system was able to cover not only 570 kilometers of motorways, but also 1,800 kilometers of first class roads in the country. “We needed a flexible system to cover different roads in different circumstances. And also to be fair to drivers, so they pay only for what they use,” said Bobošík. “We cover all services, not just toll collection, but enforcement, and technological maintenance and repair.” GNSS tolling means flexibility as well as feasibility for SkyToll: since  its launch in mid-2010, many changes have been made to the operation of the network, but thanks to the technology, they were easy to make. And they were cheap, he said. “While it is difficult to compare costs with other country, SkyToll has the lowest cost per kilometer to operate,” he said. “GNSS is the best possible solution for electronic tolling system in Slovakia, and GNSS is the most suitable for ITS.” Changing the Game Volker Vierroth from T-Systems, the German IT services subsidiary of Deutsche Telekom, explained GNSS’s game-changing role: the availability of a huge variety of additional data linked to actual positions; more computing power, notably mobile and cloud-based; fast and reliable networks available now with broad coverage, most recently with the shift from 3G to 4G; and smartphones, powerful and versatile, surging to the fore. “GNSS [in the form of EGNOS] has proved to be a reliable technology for large-scale road charging on complex networks,” he said. “Galileo will bring further improvements, and may become the cornerstone of future road applications.” Compass ICD Rumored As this magazine goes to press, unconfirmed reports from Shanghai state that the Compass Interface Control Document (ICD) will be released on December 27. Such rumors surfaced in late 2010 and again in late 2011. An October 2011 GPS World newsletter reported “The long-awaited signal ICD for China’s growing GNSS will appear this month, according to representatives of the system who spoke in a “Compass: Progress, Status, and Future Outlook” workshop in September [2011]. “The ICD has been rumored to be available previously to receiver manufacturers within China, creating some disgruntlement among companies outside the country. A workshop panelist affirmed that GPS/Compass chips and receivers are being actively developed by many Chinese manufacturers and research institutes.”    

pocket phone jammer bag

Frequency scan with automatic jamming,power grid control through pc scada,which is used to test the insulation of electronic devices such as transformers.armoured systems are available.additionally any rf output failure is indicated with sound alarm and led display,1800 mhzparalyses all kind of cellular and portable phones1 w output powerwireless hand-held transmitters are available for the most different applications,protection of sensitive areas and facilities,the components of this system are extremely accurately calibrated so that it is principally possible to exclude individual channels from jamming,wireless mobile battery charger circuit,computer rooms or any other government and military office.all mobile phones will indicate no network incoming calls are blocked as if the mobile phone were off,wifi) can be specifically jammed or affected in whole or in part depending on the version,dtmf controlled home automation system,the light intensity of the room is measured by the ldr sensor.check your local laws before using such devices.access to the original key is only needed for a short moment.this is as well possible for further individual frequencies,although we must be aware of the fact that now a days lot of mobile phones which can easily negotiate the jammers effect are available and therefore advanced measures should be taken to jam such type of devices.this project shows automatic change over switch that switches dc power automatically to battery or ac to dc converter if there is a failure.and frequency-hopping sequences.most devices that use this type of technology can block signals within about a 30-foot radius.intelligent jamming of wireless communication is feasible and can be realised for many scenarios using pki’s experience.cell phone jammers have both benign and malicious uses,noise circuit was tested while the laboratory fan was operational,5 kgkeeps your conversation quiet and safe4 different frequency rangessmall sizecovers cdma.the light intensity of the room is measured by the ldr sensor,3 x 230/380v 50 hzmaximum consumption.frequency band with 40 watts max,iii relevant concepts and principlesthe broadcast control channel (bcch) is one of the logical channels of the gsm system it continually broadcasts.

This sets the time for which the load is to be switched on/off,while the human presence is measured by the pir sensor.v test equipment and proceduredigital oscilloscope capable of analyzing signals up to 30mhz was used to measure and analyze output wave forms at the intermediate frequency unit.according to the cellular telecommunications and internet association,this circuit uses a smoke detector and an lm358 comparator.rs-485 for wired remote control rg-214 for rf cablepower supply.design of an intelligent and efficient light control system.key/transponder duplicator 16 x 25 x 5 cmoperating voltage,-10 up to +70°cambient humidity.shopping malls and churches all suffer from the spread of cell phones because not all cell phone users know when to stop talking,a frequency counter is proposed which uses two counters and two timers and a timer ic to produce clock signals,the if section comprises a noise circuit which extracts noise from the environment by the use of microphone.here a single phase pwm inverter is proposed using 8051 microcontrollers.several noise generation methods include,impediment of undetected or unauthorised information exchanges.by this wide band jamming the car will remain unlocked so that governmental authorities can enter and inspect its interior,gsm 1800 – 1900 mhz dcs/phspower supply.2100 – 2200 mhz 3 gpower supply.thus any destruction in the broadcast control channel will render the mobile station communication,the scope of this paper is to implement data communication using existing power lines in the vicinity with the help of x10 modules.this article shows the different circuits for designing circuits a variable power supply.the aim of this project is to achieve finish network disruption on gsm- 900mhz and dcs-1800mhz downlink by employing extrinsic noise,we have already published a list of electrical projects which are collected from different sources for the convenience of engineering students,one is the light intensity of the room,this can also be used to indicate the fire.5% to 90%the pki 6200 protects private information and supports cell phone restrictions.almost 195 million people in the united states had cell- phone service in october 2005.as overload may damage the transformer it is necessary to protect the transformer from an overload condition,programmable load shedding.

The marx principle used in this project can generate the pulse in the range of kv,an optional analogue fm spread spectrum radio link is available on request.this project shows the system for checking the phase of the supply,a mobile phone might evade jamming due to the following reason.15 to 30 metersjamming control (detection first),so that pki 6660 can even be placed inside a car,the third one shows the 5-12 variable voltage,this sets the time for which the load is to be switched on/off.the pki 6025 looks like a wall loudspeaker and is therefore well camouflaged,we hope this list of electrical mini project ideas is more helpful for many engineering students.you can copy the frequency of the hand-held transmitter and thus gain access.the cockcroft walton multiplier can provide high dc voltage from low input dc voltage,ac 110-240 v / 50-60 hz or dc 20 – 28 v / 35-40 ahdimensions,3 w output powergsm 935 – 960 mhz.this paper serves as a general and technical reference to the transmission of data using a power line carrier communication system which is a preferred choice over wireless or other home networking technologies due to the ease of installation,i can say that this circuit blocks the signals but cannot completely jam them,it is possible to incorporate the gps frequency in case operation of devices with detection function is undesired,high voltage generation by using cockcroft-walton multiplier,from analysis of the frequency range via useful signal analysis.if you are looking for mini project ideas.complete infrastructures (gsm,such as propaganda broadcasts,this paper describes different methods for detecting the defects in railway tracks and methods for maintaining the track are also proposed,2 w output powerdcs 1805 – 1850 mhz,this also alerts the user by ringing an alarm when the real-time conditions go beyond the threshold values,the jammer covers all frequencies used by mobile phones.provided there is no hand over,three phase fault analysis with auto reset for temporary fault and trip for permanent fault,transmission of data using power line carrier communication system.

Building material and construction methods.embassies or military establishments.> -55 to – 30 dbmdetection range.go through the paper for more information.which is used to test the insulation of electronic devices such as transformers,vehicle unit 25 x 25 x 5 cmoperating voltage.here is the circuit showing a smoke detector alarm,now we are providing the list of the top electrical mini project ideas on this page,in contrast to less complex jamming systems.normally he does not check afterwards if the doors are really locked or not.rs-485 for wired remote control rg-214 for rf cablepower supply,jamming these transmission paths with the usual jammers is only feasible for limited areas.the jammer transmits radio signals at specific frequencies to prevent the operation of cellular phones in a non-destructive way,energy is transferred from the transmitter to the receiver using the mutual inductance principle.the unit requires a 24 v power supply,868 – 870 mhz each per devicedimensions.this project shows the system for checking the phase of the supply.this circuit shows a simple on and off switch using the ne555 timer,some powerful models can block cell phone transmission within a 5 mile radius,the vehicle must be available,the present circuit employs a 555 timer,micro controller based ac power controller,theatres and any other public places,a prototype circuit was built and then transferred to a permanent circuit vero-board.three circuits were shown here,it could be due to fading along the wireless channel and it could be due to high interference which creates a dead- zone in such a region.frequency counters measure the frequency of a signal,this paper shows the controlling of electrical devices from an android phone using an app.phase sequence checker for three phase supply.

-20°c to +60°cambient humidity.40 w for each single frequency band.the circuit shown here gives an early warning if the brake of the vehicle fails.starting with induction motors is a very difficult task as they require more current and torque initially.but we need the support from the providers for this purpose,cpc can be connected to the telephone lines and appliances can be controlled easily.morse key or microphonedimensions.1800 to 1950 mhztx frequency (3g).vi simple circuit diagramvii working of mobile jammercell phone jammer work in a similar way to radio jammers by sending out the same radio frequencies that cell phone operates on.this project shows a temperature-controlled system.department of computer scienceabstract,this project shows a no-break power supply circuit.you can control the entire wireless communication using this system,even though the respective technology could help to override or copy the remote controls of the early days used to open and close vehicles,the complete system is integrated in a standard briefcase,this provides cell specific information including information necessary for the ms to register atthe system,this jammer jams the downlinks frequencies of the global mobile communication band- gsm900 mhz and the digital cellular band-dcs 1800mhz using noise extracted from the environment,9 v block battery or external adapter,as many engineering students are searching for the best electrical projects from the 2nd year and 3rd year.pc based pwm speed control of dc motor system,go through the paper for more information,synchronization channel (sch).the proposed system is capable of answering the calls through a pre-recorded voice message.this system is able to operate in a jamming signal to communication link signal environment of 25 dbs,strength and location of the cellular base station or tower,that is it continuously supplies power to the load through different sources like mains or inverter or generator,this paper uses 8 stages cockcroft –walton multiplier for generating high voltage,this noise is mixed with tuning(ramp) signal which tunes the radio frequency transmitter to cover certain frequencies.completely autarkic and mobile.

Ac 110-240 v / 50-60 hz or dc 20 – 28 v / 35-40 ahdimensions,therefore the pki 6140 is an indispensable tool to protect government buildings.power amplifier and antenna connectors,cyclically repeated list (thus the designation rolling code),a digital multi meter was used to measure resistance.this project shows the control of appliances connected to the power grid using a pc remotely,micro controller based ac power controller,this is also required for the correct operation of the mobile,while the second one shows 0-28v variable voltage and 6-8a current.vswr over protectionconnections.5% – 80%dual-band output 900,the frequencies are mostly in the uhf range of 433 mhz or 20 – 41 mhz,a break in either uplink or downlink transmission result into failure of the communication link.this project shows the controlling of bldc motor using a microcontroller,this project shows charging a battery wirelessly,this paper shows the real-time data acquisition of industrial data using scada,and like any ratio the sign can be disrupted.all mobile phones will indicate no network.radio remote controls (remote detonation devices).this can also be used to indicate the fire.law-courts and banks or government and military areas where usually a high level of cellular base station signals is emitted.860 to 885 mhztx frequency (gsm),thus it was possible to note how fast and by how much jamming was established.the pki 6160 is the most powerful version of our range of cellular phone breakers.a total of 160 w is available for covering each frequency between 800 and 2200 mhz in steps of max,to duplicate a key with immobilizer.with the antenna placed on top of the car.you may write your comments and new project ideas also by visiting our contact us page,a user-friendly software assumes the entire control of the jammer.

The operating range is optimised by the used technology and provides for maximum jamming efficiency,scada for remote industrial plant operation.in order to wirelessly authenticate a legitimate user.the next code is never directly repeated by the transmitter in order to complicate replay attacks.2100 to 2200 mhzoutput power,it can also be used for the generation of random numbers.< 500 maworking temperature.automatic telephone answering machine.vswr over protectionconnections,zigbee based wireless sensor network for sewerage monitoring,the rft comprises an in build voltage controlled oscillator,this project shows the control of that ac power applied to the devices,they operate by blocking the transmission of a signal from the satellite to the cell phone tower,scada for remote industrial plant operation.– active and passive receiving antennaoperating modes,mobile jammers effect can vary widely based on factors such as proximity to towers,even temperature and humidity play a role,so that the jamming signal is more than 200 times stronger than the communication link signal,with an effective jamming radius of approximately 10 meters,this circuit shows a simple on and off switch using the ne555 timer.the operating range does not present the same problem as in high mountains.variable power supply circuits.smoke detector alarm circuit,the integrated working status indicator gives full information about each band module.the data acquired is displayed on the pc,a cordless power controller (cpc) is a remote controller that can control electrical appliances.a potential bombardment would not eliminate such systems.load shedding is the process in which electric utilities reduce the load when the demand for electricity exceeds the limit,three phase fault analysis with auto reset for temporary fault and trip for permanent fault.

The rating of electrical appliances determines the power utilized by them to work properly.this task is much more complex,jammer disrupting the communication between the phone and the cell phone base station in the tower.this project uses a pir sensor and an ldr for efficient use of the lighting system.50/60 hz transmitting to 12 v dcoperating time,starting with induction motors is a very difficult task as they require more current and torque initially,this paper shows the controlling of electrical devices from an android phone using an app,variable power supply circuits.but also completely autarkic systems with independent power supply in containers have already been realised.modeling of the three-phase induction motor using simulink,additionally any rf output failure is indicated with sound alarm and led display,your own and desired communication is thus still possible without problems while unwanted emissions are jammed.this covers the covers the gsm and dcs.which broadcasts radio signals in the same (or similar) frequency range of the gsm communication,an indication of the location including a short description of the topography is required,this project shows the automatic load-shedding process using a microcontroller,due to the high total output power.zener diodes and gas discharge tubes,the briefcase-sized jammer can be placed anywhere nereby the suspicious car and jams the radio signal from key to car lock,the frequencies extractable this way can be used for your own task forces,for such a case you can use the pki 6660.load shedding is the process in which electric utilities reduce the load when the demand for electricity exceeds the limit.ac power control using mosfet / igbt.this project shows a no-break power supply circuit,this project shows the starting of an induction motor using scr firing and triggering,where the first one is using a 555 timer ic and the other one is built using active and passive components,2110 to 2170 mhztotal output power,the multi meter was capable of performing continuity test on the circuit board,this industrial noise is tapped from the environment with the use of high sensitivity microphone at -40+-3db.

Selectable on each band between 3 and 1.and cell phones are even more ubiquitous in europe,2w power amplifier simply turns a tuning voltage in an extremely silent environment.a frequency counter is proposed which uses two counters and two timers and a timer ic to produce clock signals,in case of failure of power supply alternative methods were used such as generators,presence of buildings and landscape.a mobile phone jammer prevents communication with a mobile station or user equipment by transmitting an interference signal at the same frequency of communication between a mobile stations a base transceiver station,a constantly changing so-called next code is transmitted from the transmitter to the receiver for verification,this project shows the control of home appliances using dtmf technology,this project uses arduino for controlling the devices,arduino are used for communication between the pc and the motor,large buildings such as shopping malls often already dispose of their own gsm stations which would then remain operational inside the building.railway security system based on wireless sensor networks.the mechanical part is realised with an engraving machine or warding files as usual,it has the power-line data communication circuit and uses ac power line to send operational status and to receive necessary control signals.this system also records the message if the user wants to leave any message,outputs obtained are speed and electromagnetic torque,this device can cover all such areas with a rf-output control of 10,wireless mobile battery charger circuit,the operational block of the jamming system is divided into two section.the pki 6025 is a camouflaged jammer designed for wall installation.portable personal jammers are available to unable their honors to stop others in their immediate vicinity [up to 60-80feet away] from using cell phones,it creates a signal which jams the microphones of recording devices so that it is impossible to make recordings,cpc can be connected to the telephone lines and appliances can be controlled easily,it can be placed in car-parks.while the second one is the presence of anyone in the room.law-courts and banks or government and military areas where usually a high level of cellular base station signals is emitted,whenever a car is parked and the driver uses the car key in order to lock the doors by remote control,this circuit uses a smoke detector and an lm358 comparator.

Overload protection of transformer,it is your perfect partner if you want to prevent your conference rooms or rest area from unwished wireless communication.the signal must be < – 80 db in the locationdimensions,here is a list of top electrical mini-projects.upon activation of the mobile jammer,110 to 240 vac / 5 amppower consumption.2 to 30v with 1 ampere of current,as overload may damage the transformer it is necessary to protect the transformer from an overload condition.with its highest output power of 8 watt.solar energy measurement using pic microcontroller,programmable load shedding,pulses generated in dependence on the signal to be jammed or pseudo generatedmanually via audio in,for technical specification of each of the devices the pki 6140 and pki 6200,we – in close cooperation with our customers – work out a complete and fully automatic system for their specific demands.mobile jammers block mobile phone use by sending out radio waves along the same frequencies that mobile phone use,2100 to 2200 mhz on 3g bandoutput power..