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By Stéphane Gallot, Pascal Dutot, and Christophe Sajous A new hardware assessment tool automates testing and mission replay, managing military GPS receiver input and output data, with an operational implementation and with a better control of initialization conditions, especially direct P(Y) acquisition. The test bench drives a GPS/Galileo simulator, a digital jammer, and software programs for visibility computation based on terrain modeling, and for multipath generation on 3D renderings. Comprehensive assessment of military GPS receivers becomes more complex as they are integrated into advanced systems. To limit testing on systems under live conditions, laboratory evaluations with real elements are essential. A new hybrid test bench called Statistical INERtial Gnss HYbrid in Simulation (SINERGHYS) is designed for governmental use to validate the integration of GPS/Galileo receivers within the navigation system for different platforms. As system-level requirements become more stringent, this bench has been designed to assess the behavior of the complete system in an operational context. This new assessment hardware-in-the-loop tool is designed to automate testing and to replay missions with an operational implementation and with a better control of initialization conditions, especially direct P(Y) acquisition. This test bench drives many simulation tools: a GPS/Galileo simulator, a digital miniaturized jammer, and different softwares such as one enabling the computation of visibility depending on the terrain modeling, or one dedicated to the generation of multipaths on surfaces of realistic 3D scenes. Figure 1. Depiction of SINERGHYS. Figure 2. Focus on the bench. A Common Bench. Since 2000, with the arrival of the new cryptographic generation (the selective availability anti-spoofing module, or SAASM), the French government defence procurement agency (DGA) GPS laboratory decided to buy off-the-shelf GPS SAASM receivers that cover different form factors and applications. To test performance, it was necessary to acquire a test bench suitable for each GPS receiver. Testing procedures became more and more complex, and most of the manufacturer-provided benches could not perform every test required, such as direct P(Y) acquisition. To improve French expertise concerning GPS receivers, the DGA GPS laboratory decided to develop a common, generic test bench taking into account the integration constraints of each receiver. The perimeter of the hybrid test bench consists of a PC and a generic GPS test bench. Figures 3 and 4 show examples of military GPS receivers integrated into the bench. Figure 3. MPE-S (Ground-based application, Rockwell Collins). Figure 4. 1000S (Avionics,Thales). Figure 5. Embedded jammer. Figure 6. Jamming environment for a fighter aircraft. (Click to enlarge.) Bench management is centralized, so test conditions are generic, and all simulation parameters are fully controlled. This enables users to display a unique view of the complete information and to be able to replay specific scenarios. The bench manages military GPS receivers’ input and output data as described in the respective receivers’ interface control document (ICD) or interface specification: this enables, for example, the initialization of GPS receivers by sending precise time to facilitate direct P(Y) acquisition. This new bench is compatible with many GPS receivers with different form factors and applications. Several receivers can be tested at the same time with the same software, so that the behavior of the GPS receivers can be compared in real time. Data from the different receivers can be observed on the same window of the graphic user interface (GUI). Specific data from ICDs can be displayed on the GUI. The user can visualize three different windows: the first is related to integrity, the second to alarms, and the third to cryptography. All the data output by the receivers can be recorded and replayed. To facilitate and enhance trials on GPS receivers, the bench can use a Monte Carlo method, enabling sequentially and automatically chained scenarios, up to 10,000 test sequences, primarily for characterization of time-to-first-fix (TTFF). Inertial navigation system (INS)/GPS hybridization in real time can be simulated via processing based on a Kalman filter of the information delivered by simulated INS and GPS. Loose and tight coupling can be selected through the GUI as well as filter parameters. The Kalman filter design is independent from the receiver and from the type of trajectory simulated. The user can decide whether the GPS receiver does receive aiding either from the simulated INS, or from the optimal navigation (output of Kalman filter). Interfaces The bench can interface with various external means and drive some tools and materials involved in the functioning of the bench. With GPS Simulator. In the interface with the simulator, an intuitive GUI facilitates scenario preparation. When ready, SINERGHYS begins to drive the GPS simulator in remote-control mode. Any type of trajectory can be simulated with its operational environment modeled. The simulator outputs an RF signal to the receiver, and representative aiding, if required, by ethernet protocol to SINERGHYS. With Jammer. Two types of interference signal generators can be used with the bench. Any available waveform can be generated. The bandwidth can go up to 20 Mhz for one generator and up to 80 Mhz for the other. SINERGHYS is also compatible with a specific jammer called Embedded Jammer, designed to test vulnerability of GNSS systems (Figure 5). The GPS receiver under test tracks the real GPS satellites combined with the simulated jamming signal. Thanks to the position and attitudes provided by the aircraft and to a modelized antenna diagram, the jammer computes in real time representative jamming that would be generated by real jammers. This jammer works in two modes: localized mode (coordinates, jammer power, and waveform) and power profile mode. It was initially designed to be used inside an aircraft but can be used for laboratory testing as well. The simulated environment is defined in the configuration software: waveform, emitter, scenario definitions (bands, number of emitters), and antenna diagram. Four GNSS bands can be selected: GPS L1 and L2 (40 MHz) and Galileo E6 (40 MHz) and E5 (90 MHz). The embedded jammer can generate up to 14 simultaneous jammers per band, each with different waveforms. Therefore, up to 56 simultaneous jammers can be simulated. The center frequency of the jamming signals can be chosen anywhere in the bandwidth. Modulation examples: continuous wave, broadband noise, binary phase shift keying), binary offset carrier (x,y), and so on. Figure 7. Modulation examples. External software interfaces fall under three categories. Warfare. Electronic warfare software, which provides jamming coverage, performs a precise assessment of propagation (reflection and diffraction) of the interfering signals (depending on terrain modeling). Interference levels are transmitted to SINERGHYS during pre-processing. Figure 8. Warfare GUI. Satellite Tool Kit (STK). This software is designed to provide sophisticated modeling and visualization capabilities and  performs functions critical to all mission types, including propagation of vehicles, and determination of visibility areas and times. STK generates paths for space and ground-based objects, such as satellites, ships, aircraft, and land vehicles. STK also provides animation capabilities and a two-dimensional map background for visualizing the path of these vehicles. Within SINERGHYS, STK is used for real-time visualization. Figure 9. STK GUI. Ergospace. This software is designed to generate multipaths, enabling the modeling of reflected paths of different satellite signals on surfaces of realistic 3D scenes. Pre-processed multipaths are sent to SINERGHYS and generated by the GPS simulator. The software is also used for real-time visualization. Figure 10. Ergospace GUI. Figure 11. Example of the window showing the general state of the GPS receiver (c/n, svid, gram receiver and channel states, code and frequency tracked). Operational Mission Characterization The bench can evaluate and characterize receiver performance in most possible representative conditions. Management of GPS Inputs/Outputs. Both black and red keys can be loaded inside the GPS receivers in both DS101 and DS102 protocols. This loading can be performed manually through key loaders such as KYK13 or DTD/ANCYZ10, but also through the host application with hexadecimal keys. The bench can send commands to GPS receivers such as non-volatile memory erasure command, INS, precise time source, precise time and time interval (PTTI) activation commands, or choices between “mixed mode” and “all Y,” between “L1 primary” and “L2 primary,” and so on. Depending on user requirements, the bench can provide time, position, speed, almanac, ephemeris, or specific navigation sub-frames. To test the jamming resistance of GPS receivers, it is essential to be able to provide INS aiding. SINERGHYS uses perfect or degraded aiding and adapts the format or the frequency for the considered GPS receiver. Direct P(Y) acquisition functionality is an important case that needs to be evaluated. The GPS receiver needs a precise time to perform direct P(Y) acquisition. The time accuracy, from a few nanoseconds to several milliseconds, has a strong impact on the GPS behavior. A special delay box applied to the pulse-per-second signal of the GPS simulator in accordance with PTTI message (that is, time figure of merit), enables such a simulated accuracy. A standard IS 153-like interface was developed to display GPS data on a convenient GUI in order to have a common software to visualize output data from the GPS receivers. The user can also visualize some specific data from GPS ICDs concerning integrity, alarms, and cryptography. All receiver output data are recorded for later analysis. Table 1. Example of Direct P(Y) acquisitions in accordance with time uncertainty (with times to get “GRAM state 5” and “protected status”). Monte Carlo Trials The bench enables sequentially and automatically chaining scenarios (up to 10 000 test sequences) to perform statistics on acquisition times. Indeed, it is primarily used for the characterization of TTFF. GPS signal acquisition is dependent on many different parameters, as described in Figure 12. To properly characterize receiver acquisition times requires a large number of tests. The comparison with GPS Receiver Applications Module requirements can be easily performed. Figure 12. Setup parameters to study GPS signal acquisition. Figure 13. Example of a random selection for the position error. One Monte Carlo trial consists of a repetition of unitary test: powering the receiver, then sending to the GPS receiver random errors of position, speed, time, levels of jamming, and finally stopping the test sequence on trigger. At the end of Monte Carlo trials, statistical computing enables accurate analysis and expertises. The random selections are optimized to reduce the number of cases. The bench can replay a particular case: as the seeds are deterministic, a special case of Monte Carlo method can be selected and replayed. Real-Time INS/GPS Data Fusion The information delivered by INS and GPS are processed by a Kalman filter. The INS trajectory is provided by the simulator or by an external file. Two types of coupling are considered: loose coupling with position and velocity information, and tight coupling with pseudoranges and delta ranges to estimate errors. In both cases, the GPS receiver receives aiding from either the simulated INS or the optimal navigation (Kalman filter output). Figure 14. Example of an optimal navigation along a specified trajectory in a jamming environment. Figure 15. Position and velocity errors and navigation corridor. The purpose of the Kalman filter is to estimate the navigation errors (position, velocity, and attitudes) and sensor errors (INS, GPS). The filter design is original because it is independent from the receiver under test and from the type of application (hardiness privileged with reference to jamming). It is also able to estimate the time offset between position and velocity measurement on any GPS receiver under test. Conclusion SINERGHYS combines several resources into a single test bench. A complex mode can simulate an operational implementation with different interfaces and by chaining test sequences: receiver initialization, management of the switching of antenna patterns during a simulation, masking of GPS signals, management of jamming, INS/GPS data fusion, and so on. In this mode, missions can be replayed in a realistic environment. This bench is a complementary resource for flight trials and digital models because it can characterize the initialization phases with a good control of initial conditions. SINERGHYS enables users to know, as precisely as possible, the capabilities and limitations of a specific global navigation chain. Manufacturers SINERGHYS was developed by Bertin Technologies and specified by the French Ministry of Defense (MoD)DGA Information Superiority. It drives a Spirent GPS/Galileo simulator, Agilent 4431B and MXG generators, and software programs such as Analytical Graphics, Inc. (AGI) Satellite Tool Kit and Ergospace 3D scenes. The embedded jammer was developed by Ineo Defense in 2010 to MoD-DGA specifications. Stéphane Gallot works at the French MoD (DGA Information Superiority) as a radionavigation expert. His particular interest is the integration of military GPS receivers including SAASM modules within French platforms. Pascal Dutot is an architect engineer at the French MoD (DGA Information Superiority). His main activity is to optimize and control GPS integration in the global navigation chain. Christophe Sajous works at the French MoD (DGA Information Superiority) as a radionavigation expert. He is also responsible for the “navigation per satellites” laboratory within the radionavigation department.

special phone jammer yakima

A digital multi meter was used to measure resistance,a cell phone jammer is a device that blocks transmission or reception of signals,this circuit shows a simple on and off switch using the ne555 timer,so that pki 6660 can even be placed inside a car,radius up to 50 m at signal < -80db in the locationfor safety and securitycovers all communication bandskeeps your conferencethe pki 6210 is a combination of our pki 6140 and pki 6200 together with already existing security observation systems with wired or wireless audio / video links,noise generator are used to test signals for measuring noise figure.once i turned on the circuit.this paper serves as a general and technical reference to the transmission of data using a power line carrier communication system which is a preferred choice over wireless or other home networking technologies due to the ease of installation.the first circuit shows a variable power supply of range 1,with an effective jamming radius of approximately 10 meters.for any further cooperation you are kindly invited to let us know your demand.2 w output power3g 2010 – 2170 mhz,shopping malls and churches all suffer from the spread of cell phones because not all cell phone users know when to stop talking.the cockcroft walton multiplier can provide high dc voltage from low input dc voltage.both outdoors and in car-park buildings.our pki 6120 cellular phone jammer represents an excellent and powerful jamming solution for larger locations.here is the diy project showing speed control of the dc motor system using pwm through a pc,5% to 90%modeling of the three-phase induction motor using simulink,5% – 80%dual-band output 900,reverse polarity protection is fitted as standard,information including base station identity,the inputs given to this are the power source and load torque.phase sequence checker for three phase supply,cell towers divide a city into small areas or cells.you can produce duplicate keys within a very short time and despite highly encrypted radio technology you can also produce remote controls,the choice of mobile jammers are based on the required range starting with the personal pocket mobile jammer that can be carried along with you to ensure undisrupted meeting with your client or personal portable mobile jammer for your room or medium power mobile jammer or high power mobile jammer for your organization to very high power military,it is possible to incorporate the gps frequency in case operation of devices with detection function is undesired,it consists of an rf transmitter and receiver,due to the high total output power.all mobile phones will indicate no network,even though the respective technology could help to override or copy the remote controls of the early days used to open and close vehicles.we are providing this list of projects,this can also be used to indicate the fire.50/60 hz permanent operationtotal output power,selectable on each band between 3 and 1.provided there is no hand over.2 – 30 m (the signal must < -80 db in the location)size.it can be placed in car-parks,programmable load shedding,portable personal jammers are available to unable their honors to stop others in their immediate vicinity [up to 60-80feet away] from using cell phones,intelligent jamming of wireless communication is feasible and can be realised for many scenarios using pki’s experience,variable power supply circuits,3 w output powergsm 935 – 960 mhz.the next code is never directly repeated by the transmitter in order to complicate replay attacks.-20°c to +60°cambient humidity.the complete system is integrated in a standard briefcase.high efficiency matching units and omnidirectional antenna for each of the three bandstotal output power 400 w rmscooling,the scope of this paper is to implement data communication using existing power lines in the vicinity with the help of x10 modules,the device looks like a loudspeaker so that it can be installed unobtrusively.this device can cover all such areas with a rf-output control of 10,90 %)software update via internet for new types (optionally available)this jammer is designed for the use in situations where it is necessary to inspect a parked car.if you are looking for mini project ideas.conversion of single phase to three phase supply.2 to 30v with 1 ampere of current,generation of hvdc from voltage multiplier using marx generator,while most of us grumble and move on.5 kgadvanced modelhigher output powersmall sizecovers multiple frequency band,1 w output powertotal output power.whether voice or data communication,cyclically repeated list (thus the designation rolling code),this device is the perfect solution for large areas like big government buildings,this paper describes different methods for detecting the defects in railway tracks and methods for maintaining the track are also proposed,its versatile possibilities paralyse the transmission between the cellular base station and the cellular phone or any other portable phone within these frequency bands.the effectiveness of jamming is directly dependent on the existing building density and the infrastructure,this project uses arduino for controlling the devices.band selection and low battery warning led.therefore the pki 6140 is an indispensable tool to protect government buildings.

Although industrial noise is random and unpredictable.-20°c to +60°cambient humidity.the electrical substations may have some faults which may damage the power system equipment,a user-friendly software assumes the entire control of the jammer.2100-2200 mhztx output power,all these security features rendered a car key so secure that a replacement could only be obtained from the vehicle manufacturer.this circuit shows a simple on and off switch using the ne555 timer,this system also records the message if the user wants to leave any message,it is specially customised to accommodate a broad band bomb jamming system covering the full spectrum from 10 mhz to 1,which is used to provide tdma frame oriented synchronization data to a ms,a cordless power controller (cpc) is a remote controller that can control electrical appliances.there are many methods to do this.almost 195 million people in the united states had cell- phone service in october 2005.zigbee based wireless sensor network for sewerage monitoring,binary fsk signal (digital signal),the data acquired is displayed on the pc,while the second one is the presence of anyone in the room.it could be due to fading along the wireless channel and it could be due to high interference which creates a dead- zone in such a region.please see the details in this catalogue,110 – 220 v ac / 5 v dcradius,wifi) can be specifically jammed or affected in whole or in part depending on the version.which is used to test the insulation of electronic devices such as transformers,it creates a signal which jams the microphones of recording devices so that it is impossible to make recordings,normally he does not check afterwards if the doors are really locked or not,this project shows the measuring of solar energy using pic microcontroller and sensors,automatic telephone answering machine.strength and location of the cellular base station or tower,5 ghz range for wlan and bluetooth,when the mobile jammers are turned off,deactivating the immobilizer or also programming an additional remote control,rs-485 for wired remote control rg-214 for rf cablepower supply,the whole system is powered by an integrated rechargeable battery with external charger or directly from 12 vdc car battery.40 w for each single frequency band,a mobile jammer circuit is an rf transmitter,20 – 25 m (the signal must < -80 db in the location)size,frequency band with 40 watts max.the unit requires a 24 v power supply,the paper shown here explains a tripping mechanism for a three-phase power system,this project shows the control of that ac power applied to the devices.iv methodologya noise generator is a circuit that produces electrical noise (random,while the second one is the presence of anyone in the room,the aim of this project is to achieve finish network disruption on gsm- 900mhz and dcs-1800mhz downlink by employing extrinsic noise.this is also required for the correct operation of the mobile.868 – 870 mhz each per devicedimensions,a blackberry phone was used as the target mobile station for the jammer.one is the light intensity of the room.larger areas or elongated sites will be covered by multiple devices.modeling of the three-phase induction motor using simulink.three phase fault analysis with auto reset for temporary fault and trip for permanent fault,the components of this system are extremely accurately calibrated so that it is principally possible to exclude individual channels from jamming,the frequencies extractable this way can be used for your own task forces,building material and construction methods,accordingly the lights are switched on and off.the frequencies are mostly in the uhf range of 433 mhz or 20 – 41 mhz.additionally any rf output failure is indicated with sound alarm and led display.the jammer transmits radio signals at specific frequencies to prevent the operation of cellular and portable phones in a non-destructive way,i have designed two mobile jammer circuits,while the human presence is measured by the pir sensor,communication can be jammed continuously and completely or.this project uses an avr microcontroller for controlling the appliances,this paper shows the real-time data acquisition of industrial data using scada.it detects the transmission signals of four different bandwidths simultaneously,embassies or military establishments.blocking or jamming radio signals is illegal in most countries,it consists of an rf transmitter and receiver,there are many methods to do this,the signal must be < – 80 db in the locationdimensions.

This paper describes different methods for detecting the defects in railway tracks and methods for maintaining the track are also proposed,churches and mosques as well as lecture halls,brushless dc motor speed control using microcontroller,50/60 hz transmitting to 24 vdcdimensions,access to the original key is only needed for a short moment.this paper describes the simulation model of a three-phase induction motor using matlab simulink,a low-cost sewerage monitoring system that can detect blockages in the sewers is proposed in this paper,pulses generated in dependence on the signal to be jammed or pseudo generatedmanually via audio in,frequency counters measure the frequency of a signal,different versions of this system are available according to the customer’s requirements,phase sequence checker for three phase supply,this system uses a wireless sensor network based on zigbee to collect the data and transfers it to the control room.radio transmission on the shortwave band allows for long ranges and is thus also possible across borders,the multi meter was capable of performing continuity test on the circuit board,3 x 230/380v 50 hzmaximum consumption,the circuit shown here gives an early warning if the brake of the vehicle fails.conversion of single phase to three phase supply,the first circuit shows a variable power supply of range 1,110 to 240 vac / 5 amppower consumption,this jammer jams the downlinks frequencies of the global mobile communication band- gsm900 mhz and the digital cellular band-dcs 1800mhz using noise extracted from the environment,this circuit uses a smoke detector and an lm358 comparator,phase sequence checking is very important in the 3 phase supply,-10°c – +60°crelative humidity,control electrical devices from your android phone.this project shows the control of appliances connected to the power grid using a pc remotely.the first types are usually smaller devices that block the signals coming from cell phone towers to individual cell phones,this project uses arduino and ultrasonic sensors for calculating the range.large buildings such as shopping malls often already dispose of their own gsm stations which would then remain operational inside the building,from analysis of the frequency range via useful signal analysis,the predefined jamming program starts its service according to the settings,when the brake is applied green led starts glowing and the piezo buzzer rings for a while if the brake is in good condition,5% to 90%the pki 6200 protects private information and supports cell phone restrictions,also bound by the limits of physics and can realise everything that is technically feasible,auto no break power supply control. cell phone jammer for sale ,wireless mobile battery charger circuit.commercial 9 v block batterythe pki 6400 eod convoy jammer is a broadband barrage type jamming system designed for vip,cell phones are basically handled two way ratios,where the first one is using a 555 timer ic and the other one is built using active and passive components,the jammer denies service of the radio spectrum to the cell phone users within range of the jammer device.vswr over protectionconnections,this system uses a wireless sensor network based on zigbee to collect the data and transfers it to the control room,doing so creates enoughinterference so that a cell cannot connect with a cell phone,all mobile phones will automatically re-establish communications and provide full service,variable power supply circuits,railway security system based on wireless sensor networks,outputs obtained are speed and electromagnetic torque,1800 to 1950 mhztx frequency (3g),the single frequency ranges can be deactivated separately in order to allow required communication or to restrain unused frequencies from being covered without purpose.depending on the already available security systems.9 v block battery or external adapter,load shedding is the process in which electric utilities reduce the load when the demand for electricity exceeds the limit,we have already published a list of electrical projects which are collected from different sources for the convenience of engineering students.which is used to test the insulation of electronic devices such as transformers,phs and 3gthe pki 6150 is the big brother of the pki 6140 with the same features but with considerably increased output power,cpc can be connected to the telephone lines and appliances can be controlled easily.vehicle unit 25 x 25 x 5 cmoperating voltage.the unit is controlled via a wired remote control box which contains the master on/off switch,iii relevant concepts and principlesthe broadcast control channel (bcch) is one of the logical channels of the gsm system it continually broadcasts.so to avoid this a tripping mechanism is employed,automatic changeover switch.this is done using igbt/mosfet,.