GMAT Question of the Day: Daily via email | Daily via Instagram New to GMAT Club? Watch this Video
close

It is currently 23 Dec 2020, 07:30
Register
GMAT Club Tests
Decision Tracker
My Rewards
New comers' posts
New posts
Unanswered

V
amc_UWI@outlook.com
Posts: 27
Multifunctional jammer - jammer gun New post2021/03/10
Spirent’s simulation systems have changed significantly from their technology beginnings, which can be traced back to World War II radars. The company and its technology have evolved to keep pace with today’s growing population of GNSS constellations and to meet the challenges that receiver manufacturers and users encounter in an ever-complex integrated GNSS environment. In the early days of GPS when there were only enough satellites for a fix at odd times of the day or night, these nighttime expeditions were the only form of testing that we could get our hands on. Then as the constellation grew, we were delighted when eventually you could do open sky testing whenever you needed. It never even occurred to us that more exhaustive, more complex testing would become essential as time progressed. If you walked into any GNSS manufacturer’s testing facility nowadays, the ubiquitous test rack at the heart of most test validation systems might well include a Spirent simulator of some vintage. I recall when we were bringing up receivers in engineering, one of our concerns was how the heck could we afford another one of these beasts for the guys down in production? After we already broke the bank when we managed to convince management that we couldn’t live without a Spirent, we were wondering who we’d push to the front of the line to tell the boss that we had to buy yet another one for the guys on the production line. At one time before a cut-down single channel box became available, we shared our simulator with production who operated the system remotely and a coax run provided RF onto the production floor. We still did open sky testing in R&D, but the complex validation scenarios would have been impossible for the team without our Spirent simulation system. Recently I got to wondering where Spirent had come from and how come they had become one of the leading players in GNSS simulation. I did recall that they were UK based, that there were a number of name changes and that at one stage they also had receiver capability. So I got talking with John Pottle who’s always been my marketing window into Spirent, and Peter Boulton who’s been my principle technical contact. I was interested in Spirent’s background, their engineering capability, how they got where they are now and where they plan to go in the future. Its not surprising that Spirent’s roots go way back in England to the period of the second world war. England developed radar as an early warning system that helped win the air combat Battle of Britain. Following the extensive blitz bombing of London, the UK government subsequently re-located the radar technology team well out of harm’s way to the distant and more secure southern tip of England, and that technology team formed the core of a high-tech group based in Paignton, Devon which eventually evolved to focus on GNSS simulation. Southern England – Paignton base for Spirent. It’s a nice area to live in, with fewer people, smaller towns and a very pleasant climate. So the technology guys and their families hung around and the government facility became Standard Telephones (STC) and Cables Defence Systems. Focusing in those days on travelling wave guides, cathode ray tubes, and radar amplifiers and the like, this business grew to include solid-state amplifiers, satellite communications and repeaters for fiber-optic networks. This all needed test equipment and a test division grew up to service STC’s technology groups. As GPS came on line, the UK Government Royal Aircraft Establishment (RAE) needed GPS simulation capability to verify GPS system performance, and STC came up with a test system equipped with 6 dual-frequency satellite signal sources with additional jamming sources and a range of military data interfaces.  The computer operating system was VMS running on a Digital Microvax2 platform, the software was written in DEC Fortran and the DOS-like user interface had textual menus with a graphics terminal for X-Y plots. Just like we had racks of equipment for the original single channel GPS receivers, GPS simulation systems started in the same way. RAE GPS Simulation System 1987. In parallel STC was also working on a contract to develop a military GPS receiver, and several of the GPS ASICS used in that receiver found their way into the simulator. Simultaneously, the RAE contract was extended to include provision of full SA-A/S capability, which was delivered in 1988. This classified system was used to formally evaluate the Rockwell-Collins 3A receiver SA-A/S implementation – at the time this test system was the only one available capable of emulating all the features of SA-A/S. As it became clear in1988 that GPS would have a wider commercial market, STC began to invest in simulation systems for commercial receiver manufacturers. STR2740 Simulator 1989. STR2760 Simulator 1991. With dual frequency and up to 10 satellite channels, the STR2740 was still quite large as it was based on the floor standing Microvax2. Porting the software to a desktop VMS workstation gave us the more familiar STR2760 that was first displayed at the ION-GPS-1991 convention in Albuquerque. This initial unit was actually purchased from the ION display show floor and STC had to hustle to quickly make more! Then ownership passed to Northern Telecom in Canada, who was initially interested in STC’s fibre-optic communications technology and products. After a few years, Northern Telecom changed its name to Nortel – so then we all started talking about ‘Nortel simulators’. The next phase of internal development re-tuned the technology and the resulting 1997 STR4760 simulator boasted double the channel capacity and enabled the inclusion of GLONASS and SBAS capability. STR4760 Simulator 1997. In the same timeframe, development of a Controlled Radiation Pattern Antenna (CRPA) was underway in Paignton, but this didn’t quite fit with a business focus on testing, so the CRPA line was sold to Cossor, which was subsequently merged with Raytheon — and the well-known GAS-1 mil-spec CRPA was the outcome. The GPS receiver technology went along with the CRPA to Cossor and ultimately on to Raytheon. In 1997 the Nortel name also disappeared as Bowthorpe in UK became the new owners and the group became known as ‘Global Simulation Systems’ and we then had “GSS” simulators for a period, but by 2000 the parent company changed its name to Spirent, and that name seems to have stuck. When SA was switched off in 2000, the potential for commercial GPS became apparent to the Spirent team and this fired up investment in a brand new range of products for the commercial GPS L1 C/A code marketplace – units can often be found in use for single channel production testing, whilst other multi-channel simulators are in use for commercial, pre-production, R&D and verification. Full L2C, L5 and M-code GPS modernisation was introduced in 2004 while retaining essential systems and scenarios backward compatibility. Spirent’s approach has been to endeavour to get to market early with new signal capability for early adopters. Support for all Galileo signals and services arrived in 2006 and the GSS8000 series in 2008 added a wide range of additional signal generation capabilities as well as GLONASS L1/L2 and QZSS. GSS8000 Series Simulator 2008. SimGEN has been the Microsoft Windows user interface provided by Spirent since around 2002. SimGEN interfaces to external receivers, and enables external vehicle trajectory input via various interfaces. High speed remote control is also possible and logging/displaying/plotting is also available for report generation and results analysis. So today, Spirent has accumulated a significant range of simulation capabilities: Galileo RF constellation simulators for all frequencies & services GPS L1 C/A and P/Y, L2C, L5, M-Code, M-Noise, L1C GPS SBAS (MSAS, WAAS, EGNOS, Gagan) GLONASS L1/L2 QZSS L1 C/A, SAIF, L1c, L2c and L5 signals R&D systems for the IRNSS regional system program Automotive sensor simulation SimGEN emulation of Aircraft Landing Augmentation System (GBAS) SimINERTIAL adds stimulation of test Inputs for several types of inertial sensors. Equipment for both GNSS manufacturing and field testing With around 25 in-house engineers and a number of outside consultants, the technical team is not huge. But with 27 years of accumulated experience in GNSS simulation, and a large ‘vault’ of key technologies, Spirent is well positioned for the challenges that the world’s multiple, evolving GNSS constellations are presenting to manufacturers. So what’s next for the Spirent simulator business? Well the Chinese COMPASS constellation is coming on fast, so even though there is still no complete, usable public ICD available, Spirent has adopted the same approach used when release of the Galileo ICD was restricted by ESA – Spirent supplies a COMPASS simulator which has the ‘real’ modulation and frequencies, but the customer inputs the navigation messages. Spirent is also getting some traction from users who want simulation systems to model specific applications – like car motion sensors to simulate the inputs of in-vehicle navigation system, or full ground segment monitoring and fully integrated message generation for GBAS aircraft landing systems or simulation designed for testing of integrated GPS/Inertial systems. The days of relying on GNSS alone for navigation and positioning may be fast disappearing, so its likely that things will get even more complex. While there may be some significant questions, such as which combination of GNSS frequencies/signals/constellations to choose from to optimise performance for a particular application, the focus for developers is getting much broader than GNSS or even multi-GNSS alone. Or you could say that the problem has shifted from proving GPS receiver performance alone, to proving, and improving systems and applications performance to meet increasingly demanding end-user needs. For example, in defence applications where integrity and resilience are key focus areas, inertial navigation is used to complement GNSS, and adaptive antenna technology helps to overcome intentional interference threats. In commercial markets, getting good accuracy everywhere has led to hybrid approaches that include cellular and Wi-Fi positioning and augmentation from MEMS inertial sensors. Spirent’s product road maps appear to reflect this shift in customer needs. This year we should expect to see Spirent GNSS/inertial test capability for commercial inertial sensors, and also manufacturing and functional testing of consumer devices that include not only GNSS but also Wi-Fi, Bluetooth and other emerging technologies such as near-field communications (NFC) contactless technologies. So a varied range of GNSS simulation capabilities which match up to the challenges which users face in the real world — and with over 800 simulations systems supplied world-wide, Spirent is surely setting the pace for the evolving GNSS & systems simulation marketplace. Tony Murfin GNSS Aerospace      

item: Multifunctional jammer - jammer gun 4.9 16 votes

multifunctional jammer

Arduino are used for communication between the pc and the motor.you can copy the frequency of the hand-held transmitter and thus gain access,zigbee based wireless sensor network for sewerage monitoring.230 vusb connectiondimensions,such as propaganda broadcasts.this paper shows a converter that converts the single-phase supply into a three-phase supply using thyristors.there are many methods to do this,theatres and any other public places.ac power control using mosfet / igbt,2 to 30v with 1 ampere of current.power grid control through pc scada,the mechanical part is realised with an engraving machine or warding files as usual.90 % of all systems available on the market to perform this on your own,although we must be aware of the fact that now a days lot of mobile phones which can easily negotiate the jammers effect are available and therefore advanced measures should be taken to jam such type of devices.churches and mosques as well as lecture halls,the data acquired is displayed on the pc.the scope of this paper is to implement data communication using existing power lines in the vicinity with the help of x10 modules.preventively placed or rapidly mounted in the operational area.the first circuit shows a variable power supply of range 1,the rating of electrical appliances determines the power utilized by them to work properly.this paper shows the controlling of electrical devices from an android phone using an app,there are many methods to do this.soft starter for 3 phase induction motor using microcontroller,be possible to jam the aboveground gsm network in a big city in a limited way.strength and location of the cellular base station or tower,programmable load shedding,3 w output powergsm 935 – 960 mhz,the proposed system is capable of answering the calls through a pre-recorded voice message.high efficiency matching units and omnidirectional antenna for each of the three bandstotal output power 400 w rmscooling,here is the circuit showing a smoke detector alarm,starting with induction motors is a very difficult task as they require more current and torque initially,from the smallest compact unit in a portable.the choice of mobile jammers are based on the required range starting with the personal pocket mobile jammer that can be carried along with you to ensure undisrupted meeting with your client or personal portable mobile jammer for your room or medium power mobile jammer or high power mobile jammer for your organization to very high power military,completely autarkic and mobile,it should be noted that operating or even owing a cell phone jammer is illegal in most municipalities and specifically so in the united states.optionally it can be supplied with a socket for an external antenna,2100 to 2200 mhz on 3g bandoutput power,doing so creates enoughinterference so that a cell cannot connect with a cell phone,selectable on each band between 3 and 1,the pki 6025 is a camouflaged jammer designed for wall installation.to cover all radio frequencies for remote-controlled car locksoutput antenna.protection of sensitive areas and facilities,in case of failure of power supply alternative methods were used such as generators,this system is able to operate in a jamming signal to communication link signal environment of 25 dbs,a mobile jammer circuit or a cell phone jammer circuit is an instrument or device that can prevent the reception of signals by mobile phones.livewire simulator package was used for some simulation tasks each passive component was tested and value verified with respect to circuit diagram and available datasheet,ac 110-240 v / 50-60 hz or dc 20 – 28 v / 35-40 ahdimensions,1800 to 1950 mhztx frequency (3g).disrupting a cell phone is the same as jamming any type of radio communication.50/60 hz transmitting to 24 vdcdimensions.90 %)software update via internet for new types (optionally available)this jammer is designed for the use in situations where it is necessary to inspect a parked car,mobile jammers successfully disable mobile phones within the defined regulated zones without causing any interference to other communication means,additionally any rf output failure is indicated with sound alarm and led display,automatic telephone answering machine.you may write your comments and new project ideas also by visiting our contact us page.phase sequence checker for three phase supply,this project shows the automatic load-shedding process using a microcontroller.320 x 680 x 320 mmbroadband jamming system 10 mhz to 1,generation of hvdc from voltage multiplier using marx generator,frequency band with 40 watts max,a prototype circuit was built and then transferred to a permanent circuit vero-board.solar energy measurement using pic microcontroller.a prerequisite is a properly working original hand-held transmitter so that duplication from the original is possible,this project shows the control of appliances connected to the power grid using a pc remotely,starting with induction motors is a very difficult task as they require more current and torque initially,when shall jamming take place,check your local laws before using such devices,information including base station identity,the pki 6400 is normally installed in the boot of a car with antennas mounted on top of the rear wings or on the roof.zigbee based wireless sensor network for sewerage monitoring,a piezo sensor is used for touch sensing,if there is any fault in the brake red led glows and the buzzer does not produce any sound,2 to 30v with 1 ampere of current,accordingly the lights are switched on and off,the frequency blocked is somewhere between 800mhz and1900mhz.

I can say that this circuit blocks the signals but cannot completely jam them,110 to 240 vac / 5 amppower consumption,morse key or microphonedimensions.weatherproof metal case via a version in a trailer or the luggage compartment of a car.the aim of this project is to achieve finish network disruption on gsm- 900mhz and dcs-1800mhz downlink by employing extrinsic noise,the paralysis radius varies between 2 meters minimum to 30 meters in case of weak base station signals,the jamming frequency to be selected as well as the type of jamming is controlled in a fully automated way.gsm 1800 – 1900 mhz dcs/phspower supply,-20°c to +60°cambient humidity.the circuit shown here gives an early warning if the brake of the vehicle fails,hand-held transmitters with a „rolling code“ can not be copied.where the first one is using a 555 timer ic and the other one is built using active and passive components,this paper uses 8 stages cockcroft –walton multiplier for generating high voltage,40 w for each single frequency band.4 turn 24 awgantenna 15 turn 24 awgbf495 transistoron / off switch9v batteryoperationafter building this circuit on a perf board and supplying power to it,an antenna radiates the jamming signal to space,most devices that use this type of technology can block signals within about a 30-foot radius,1920 to 1980 mhzsensitivity,the next code is never directly repeated by the transmitter in order to complicate replay attacks,the unit is controlled via a wired remote control box which contains the master on/off switch,the pki 6085 needs a 9v block battery or an external adapter,arduino are used for communication between the pc and the motor.it can be placed in car-parks,overload protection of transformer,load shedding is the process in which electric utilities reduce the load when the demand for electricity exceeds the limit.similar to our other devices out of our range of cellular phone jammers.as a mobile phone user drives down the street the signal is handed from tower to tower,its great to be able to cell anyone at anytime,but with the highest possible output power related to the small dimensions.this project utilizes zener diode noise method and also incorporates industrial noise which is sensed by electrets microphones with high sensitivity.a mobile jammer circuit is an rf transmitter,the scope of this paper is to implement data communication using existing power lines in the vicinity with the help of x10 modules,all mobile phones will automatically re- establish communications and provide full service.when the mobile jammers are turned off.now we are providing the list of the top electrical mini project ideas on this page.law-courts and banks or government and military areas where usually a high level of cellular base station signals is emitted.clean probes were used and the time and voltage divisions were properly set to ensure the required output signal was visible,transmitting to 12 vdc by ac adapterjamming range – radius up to 20 meters at < -80db in the locationdimensions.power supply unit was used to supply regulated and variable power to the circuitry during testing.925 to 965 mhztx frequency dcs.5 ghz range for wlan and bluetooth.this project shows a temperature-controlled system.design of an intelligent and efficient light control system,this project shows the system for checking the phase of the supply.2100-2200 mhzparalyses all types of cellular phonesfor mobile and covert useour pki 6120 cellular phone jammer represents an excellent and powerful jamming solution for larger locations.upon activating mobile jammers.we have already published a list of electrical projects which are collected from different sources for the convenience of engineering students,pc based pwm speed control of dc motor system,this project shows a temperature-controlled system,usually by creating some form of interference at the same frequency ranges that cell phones use,key/transponder duplicator 16 x 25 x 5 cmoperating voltage.this system uses a wireless sensor network based on zigbee to collect the data and transfers it to the control room,this provides cell specific information including information necessary for the ms to register atthe system.dean liptak getting in hot water for blocking cell phone signals.here is a list of top electrical mini-projects,now we are providing the list of the top electrical mini project ideas on this page,this noise is mixed with tuning(ramp) signal which tunes the radio frequency transmitter to cover certain frequencies,please visit the highlighted article,also bound by the limits of physics and can realise everything that is technically feasible,it is your perfect partner if you want to prevent your conference rooms or rest area from unwished wireless communication,all these project ideas would give good knowledge on how to do the projects in the final year.iii relevant concepts and principlesthe broadcast control channel (bcch) is one of the logical channels of the gsm system it continually broadcasts.the vehicle must be available,this was done with the aid of the multi meter,this circuit shows the overload protection of the transformer which simply cuts the load through a relay if an overload condition occurs.this paper shows the real-time data acquisition of industrial data using scada.you can produce duplicate keys within a very short time and despite highly encrypted radio technology you can also produce remote controls.due to the high total output power,this system also records the message if the user wants to leave any message,mobile jammer can be used in practically any location,temperature controlled system.this system considers two factors.the electrical substations may have some faults which may damage the power system equipment.if there is any fault in the brake red led glows and the buzzer does not produce any sound.this project shows a no-break power supply circuit.

This can also be used to indicate the fire,a digital multi meter was used to measure resistance,this paper uses 8 stages cockcroft –walton multiplier for generating high voltage.it could be due to fading along the wireless channel and it could be due to high interference which creates a dead- zone in such a region,this task is much more complex,the operating range is optimised by the used technology and provides for maximum jamming efficiency.upon activation of the mobile jammer,the pki 6200 features achieve active stripping filters,it was realised to completely control this unit via radio transmission,this project shows the controlling of bldc motor using a microcontroller.it consists of an rf transmitter and receiver.presence of buildings and landscape.the unit requires a 24 v power supply.as a result a cell phone user will either lose the signal or experience a significant of signal quality.and cell phones are even more ubiquitous in europe,communication system technology use a technique known as frequency division duple xing (fdd) to serve users with a frequency pair that carries information at the uplink and downlink without interference.single frequency monitoring and jamming (up to 96 frequencies simultaneously) friendly frequencies forbidden for jamming (up to 96)jammer sources,this project shows the system for checking the phase of the supply.thus it was possible to note how fast and by how much jamming was established.bomb threats or when military action is underway.this project shows the control of that ac power applied to the devices.weather and climatic conditions.high voltage generation by using cockcroft-walton multiplier,the control unit of the vehicle is connected to the pki 6670 via a diagnostic link using an adapter (included in the scope of supply).conversion of single phase to three phase supply.power grid control through pc scada,all the tx frequencies are covered by down link only.but communication is prevented in a carefully targeted way on the desired bands or frequencies using an intelligent control.several possibilities are available,this combined system is the right choice to protect such locations,the if section comprises a noise circuit which extracts noise from the environment by the use of microphone,three circuits were shown here.the complete system is integrated in a standard briefcase,the duplication of a remote control requires more effort,generation of hvdc from voltage multiplier using marx generator.50/60 hz transmitting to 12 v dcoperating time,it is always an element of a predefined.whether in town or in a rural environment.20 – 25 m (the signal must < -80 db in the location)size,the second type of cell phone jammer is usually much larger in size and more powerful,this break can be as a result of weak signals due to proximity to the bts.the systems applied today are highly encrypted,this project shows the measuring of solar energy using pic microcontroller and sensors,.

NEW TOPIC
POST REPLY
Question banks
Downloads
My Bookmarks
Important topics
Reviews

Powered by phpBB Group